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Shape-dependent biological activity of spherical and quasi-spherical silver nanoparticles in E. coli, A549 cells and mice
Environmental Science: Nano ( IF 7.3 ) Pub Date : 2022-08-17 , DOI: 10.1039/d2en00402j
Ludmila V. Puchkova, Tatiana P. Sankova, Daria N. Magazenkova, Ekaterina A. Skomorokhova, Iurii A. Orlov, Elena I. Sakhenberg, Ilya M. Sosnin, Mohammad Al Farroukh, Alexey E. Romanov, Ekaterina Yu. Ilyechova

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) of various sizes and shapes are widely used because of their antibacterial properties. However, their bioactivity in mammals is insufficiently investigated. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of AgNPs' shape on their antibacterial activity, cytotoxicity, and ability to interfere in copper metabolism in mice. For this, AgNPs with the same linear size (75 nm), but different shape (spherical and quasi-spherical), were fabricated by chemical reduction from silver nitrate. The test of the biological activity of AgNPs showed that both types of particles suppressed bacterial (E. coli) and mammalian (A549) cell growth in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Quasi-spherical AgNPs had stronger antibacterial activity (several orders of magnitude) than the spherical AgNPs. In mice, the intake, distribution and accumulation of silver from AgNPs depending on the administration method were compared and intraperitoneal injections were chosen as the most appropriate. Silver concentration in organs of mice and its distribution in the organs did not depend on the shape of AgNPs. During the 7 days of intraperitoneal treatment with AgNPs, the silver concentration in blood serum increased, while the copper concentration and ceruloplasmin (Cp) oxidase activity (measured by the o-dianisidine in-gel assay) decreased. At the same time, the Cp protein concentration determined by immunoblotting did not change. Analysis of the blood serum by gel-filtration has shown that blood serum silver was associated with Cp and with a larger protein, presumably α-2-macroglobulin. After the AgNP injections were cancelled, the organs and the blood serum were cleared from silver through bile, while the copper concentration and Cp oxidase activity of blood serum recovered to their normal levels. So, the correlation between particle shape and their biological activity was observed. Quasi-spherical AgNPs having more edges possessed higher antibacterial activity. At the same time, both types of AgNPs lowered the copper status of blood serum in mice in a similar manner. In the article, the potential danger of AgNP's low doses for mammals, including humans, and the specificity of the nanosilver turnover in the mammalian body, which suggests that AgNPs can be used for safe treatment, are discussed.

中文翻译:

球形和准球形银纳米粒子在大肠杆菌、A549 细胞和小鼠中的形状依赖性生物活性

各种尺寸和形状的银纳米粒子(AgNPs)因其抗菌特性而被广泛使用。然而,它们在哺乳动物中的生物活性尚未得到充分研究。本研究的目的是评估 AgNPs 的形状对其抗菌活性、细胞毒性和干扰小鼠铜代谢能力的影响。为此,通过硝酸银的化学还原制备了具有相同线性尺寸(75 nm)但形状不同(球形和准球形)的 AgNP。AgNPs 的生物活性测试表明,这两种颗粒均能抑制细菌(大肠杆菌) 和哺乳动物 (A549) 细胞以时间和剂量依赖性方式生长。准球形 AgNPs 比球形 AgNPs 具有更强的抗菌活性(几个数量级)。在小鼠中,比较了不同给药方法从 AgNPs 中银的摄入、分布和积累,并选择了最合适的腹膜内注射。小鼠器官中的银浓度及其在器官中的分布不依赖于 AgNPs 的形状。在腹腔内用 AgNPs 治疗 7 天期间,血清中的银浓度增加,而铜浓度和铜蓝蛋白 (Cp) 氧化酶活性(通过o-联茴香胺凝胶测定)降低。同时,免疫印迹法测定的Cp蛋白浓度没有变化。通过凝胶过滤对血清的分析表明,血清银与 Cp 和更大的蛋白质相关,可能是 α-2-巨球蛋白。取消AgNP注射后,通过胆汁清除器官和血清中的银,而血清中的铜浓度和Cp氧化酶活性恢复到正常水平。因此,观察到颗粒形状与其生物活性之间的相关性。具有更多边缘的准球形AgNPs具有更高的抗菌活性。同时,两种类型的 AgNPs 以相似的方式降低了小鼠血清中的铜状态。在文章中,低剂量的 AgNP 对哺乳动物的潜在危险,
更新日期:2022-08-17
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