Objective: 

Positive parenting (e.g., parental warmth, mindful parenting) has been posited to promote effective pediatric type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) management. This promotive effect may partly be conferred by fostering child self-regulatory development, such as executive function (EF). However, no research has examined whether better child EF serves as a mechanism underlying associations between positive parenting and child blood glucose levels (HbA1c). Moreover, it is unclear whether mindful parenting offers a unique benefit beyond that of parental warmth—a key pillar of effective parental involvement in T1DM management.

Methods: 

Primary caregivers of children with T1DM (N = 101; Mage = 12.02) reported on parenting behaviors and child EF. Children's medical information was obtained through chart review. Path analysis was used to examine direct and indirect relations in the cross-sectional data.

Results: 

The path analysis indicated that only parental warmth, not mindful parenting, was significantly associated with lower HbA1c. Both parental warmth and mindful parenting were significantly related to better child EF, but child EF did not mediate the associations between parenting and HbA1c.

Conclusion: 

Parental warmth may constitute a key parenting behavior promoting effective pediatric T1DM management. Enhancing parental warmth may be an important target of interventions aiming to improve HbA1c. Although child EF was unrelated to HbA1c in this sample, given positive associations between parental warmth and mindfulness and child EF, longitudinal research is warranted to examine whether these positive parenting behaviors may confer long-term benefits for T1DM self-management through improved EF.

中文翻译：

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父母的温暖和正念对儿童执行功能和小儿 1 型糖尿病管理的不同贡献

客观的： 

积极的养育方式（例如，父母的温暖、正念的养育）被认为可以促进有效的儿科 1 型糖尿病 (T1DM) 管理。这种促进作用可能部分是通过培养儿童的自我调节能力（例如执行功能（EF））来实现的。然而，尚无研究探讨更好的儿童 EF 是否是积极养育和儿童血糖水平 (HbA1c) 之间关联的潜在机制。此外，目前还不清楚，除了父母的温暖（父母有效参与 T1DM 管理的关键支柱）之外，正念养育是否还能带来独特的好处。

方法： 

T1DM 儿童的主要照顾者 (N = 101; Mage = 12.02) 报告了养育行为和儿童 EF。儿童的医疗信息是通过图表审查获得的。路径分析用于检查横截面数据中的直接和间接关系。

结果： 

路径分析表明，只有父母的温暖，而不是用心的养育，与较低的 HbA1c 显着相关。父母的温暖和正念养育都与更好的儿童 EF 显着相关，但儿童 EF 并不介导养育和 HbA1c 之间的关联。

结论： 

父母的温暖可能构成促进有效儿科 T1DM 管理的关键养育行为。增强父母的温暖可能是旨在改善 HbA1c 的干预措施的重要目标。尽管本样本中儿童 EF 与 HbA1c 无关，但鉴于父母的温暖和正念与儿童 EF 之间存在正相关关系，因此有必要进行纵向研究来检验这些积极的养育行为是否可以通过改善 EF 为 T1DM 自我管理带来长期益处。