Wormhole solutions to the equations of general relativity have some spectacular local and global properties. As these unusual features are not explicitly forbidden by known physics, wormholes are considered in various astrophysical and cosmological scenarios. The paradigmatic traversable wormhole models are described by static spherically symmetric Ellis-Morris-Thorne and Simpson-Visser metrics. We show that no dynamical solution of the semiclassical Einstein equations can have these metrics as their static limit. On the other hand, possible static limits of the dynamical solutions are not traversable. Moreover, they lead to violation of a quantum energy inequality that bounds violations of the null energy condition by quantum fields. This conclusion does not depend on specific properties of fields that may be proposed for wormhole construction. As a result, spherically symmetric wormholes cannot exist in semiclassical gravity.

中文翻译：

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无法穿越的虫洞

广义相对论方程的虫洞解具有一些引人注目的局部和全局特性。由于已知物理学并未明确禁止这些不寻常的特征，因此在各种天体物理学和宇宙学场景中都考虑了虫洞。典型的可穿越虫洞模型由静态球对称 Ellis-Morris-Thorne 和 Simpson-Visser 度量来描述。我们表明，半经典爱因斯坦方程的任何动态解都不能将这些度量作为其静态极限。另一方面，动态解的可能静态限制是不可穿越的。此外，它们导致违反量子能量不等式，该不等式限制了量子场对零能量条件的违反。这个结论不依赖于可能被提议用于虫洞构造的场的特定属性。