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Stable pollination service in a generalist high Arctic community despite the warming climate
Ecological Monographs ( IF 6.1 ) Pub Date : 2022-08-14 , DOI: 10.1002/ecm.1551
Alyssa R Cirtwill 1 , Riikka Kaartinen 1, 2 , Claus Rasmussen 3 , Deanne Redr 4 , Helena Wirta 1 , Jens M Olesen 5 , Mikko Tiusanen 1, 6 , Gavin Ballantyne 7 , Helen Cunnold 8 , Graham N Stone 2 , Niels Martin Schmidt 9 , Tomas Roslin 1, 4
Affiliation  

Insects provide key pollination services in most terrestrial biomes, but this service depends on a multistep interaction between insect and plant. An insect needs to visit a flower, receive pollen from the anthers, move to another conspecific flower, and finally deposit the pollen on a receptive stigma. Each of these steps may be affected by climate change, and focusing on only one of them (e.g., flower visitation) may miss important signals of change in service provision. In this study, we combine data on visitation, pollen transport, and single-visit pollen deposition to estimate functional outcomes in the high Arctic plant-pollinator network of Zackenberg, Northeast Greenland, a model system for global warming–associated impacts in pollination services. Over two decades of rapid climate warming, we sampled the network repeatedly: in 1996, 1997, 2010, 2011, and 2016. Although the flowering plant and insect communities and their interactions varied substantially between years, as expected based on highly variable Arctic weather, there was no detectable directional change in either the structure of flower-visitor networks or estimated pollen deposition. For flower-visitor networks compiled over a single week, species phenologies caused major within-year variation in network structure despite consistency across years. Weekly networks for the middle of the flowering season emerged as especially important because most pollination service can be expected to be provided by these large, highly nested networks. Our findings suggest that pollination ecosystem service in the high Arctic is remarkably resilient. This resilience may reflect the plasticity of Arctic biota as an adaptation to extreme and unpredictable weather. However, most pollination service was contributed by relatively few fly taxa (Diptera: Spilogona sanctipauli and Drymeia segnis [Muscidae] and species of Rhamphomyia [Empididae]). If these key pollinators are negatively affected by climate change, network structure and the pollination service that depends on it would be seriously compromised.

中文翻译:

尽管气候变暖,但北极高地通才社区的稳定授粉服务

昆虫在大多数陆地生物群落中提供关键的授粉服务,但这种服务依赖于昆虫和植物之间的多步骤相互作用。一只昆虫需要拜访一朵花,从花药中接受花粉,然后移动到另一朵同种花上,最后将花粉放在接受性的柱头上。这些步骤中的每一个都可能受到气候变化的影响,并且仅关注其中一个步骤(例如,赏花)可能会错过服务提供变化的重要信号。在这项研究中,我们结合访问、花粉运输和单次访问花粉沉积的数据来估计格陵兰东北部扎肯贝格高北极植物-传粉者网络的功能结果,这是一个全球变暖相关影响授粉服务的模型系统。在气候迅速变暖的二十年中,我们对网络进行了多次采样:1996 年、1997 年、2010 年、2011 年和 2016 年。尽管开花植物和昆虫群落及其相互作用在年份之间有很大差异,但正如基于高度多变的北极天气所预期的那样,无论是花卉访客网络的结构还是估计的花粉沉积都没有检测到方向变化. 对于在一周内编制的花卉访问者网络,尽管多年来保持一致,但物种物候导致网络结构在年内发生重大变化。花季中期的每周网络变得尤为重要,因为大多数授粉服务预计将由这些大型、高度嵌套的网络提供。我们的研究结果表明,北极高海拔地区的授粉生态系统服务非常有弹性。这种复原力可能反映了北极生物群的可塑性,以适应极端和不可预测的天气。然而,大多数授粉服务是由相对较少的蝇分类群贡献的(双翅目:Spilogona sanctipauliDrymeia segnis [Muscidae] 和Rhamphomyia的种[Empididae])。如果这些主要传粉媒介受到气候变化的负面影响,网络结构和依赖它的授粉服务将受到严重损害。
更新日期:2022-08-14
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