Abstract: Skin injuries caused by accidents and acute or chronic diseases place a heavy burden on patients and health care systems. Current treatments mainly depend on preventing infection, debridement, and hemostasis and on supplementing growth factors, but patients will still have scar tissue proliferation or difficulty healing and other problems after treatment. Conventional treatment usually focuses on a single factor or process of wound repair and often ignores the influence of the wound pathological microenvironment on the final healing effect. Therefore, it is of substantial research value to develop multifunctional therapeutic methods that can actively regulate the wound microenvironment and reduce the oxidative stress level at the wound site to promote the repair of skin wounds. In recent years, various bioactive nanomaterials have shown great potential in tissue repair and regeneration due to their properties, including their unique surface interface effect, small size effect, enzyme activity and quantum effect. This review summarizes the mechanisms underlying skin wound repair and the defects in traditional treatment methods. We focus on analyzing the advantages of different types of nanomaterials and comment on their toxicity and side effects when used for skin wound repair.

Keywords: nanomedicine, nanomaterials, nano-formulations, skin injury, wound repair


中文翻译：

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用于皮肤伤口修复应用的纳米制剂的最新进展

摘要：事故和急性或慢性疾病造成的皮肤损伤给患者和医疗保健系统带来了沉重的负担。目前的治疗主要依靠预防感染、清创止血和补充生长因子，但患者在治疗后仍会出现瘢痕组织增生或愈合困难等问题。常规治疗通常只关注伤口修复的单一因素或过程，往往忽略伤口病理微环境对最终愈合效果的影响。因此，开发能够主动调节创面微环境，降低创面氧化应激水平，促进皮肤创面修复的多功能治疗方法具有重要的研究价值。最近几年，各种生物活性纳米材料由于其独特的表面界面效应、小尺寸效应、酶活性和量子效应等特性，在组织修复和再生方面显示出巨大的潜力。本综述总结了皮肤伤口修复的机制和传统治疗方法的缺陷。我们专注于分析不同类型纳米材料的优势，并评论它们在用于皮肤伤口修复时的毒性和副作用。

关键词：纳米药物，纳米材料，纳米制剂，皮肤损伤，伤口修复