In this study, the performance of a large number of anionic (SDS, SLS, and SDBS), cationic (CTAB), and non-ionic (Triton X-100 and Tween 80) surfactants on the surface activity, emulsion size, and surface charge of five oil samples was investigated in aqueous solution with two different salinities, with the aid of interfacial tension (IFT) measurement, zeta potential, and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis. In addition, the most important parameters that can affect the IFT of crude oil/surfactant solutions (i.e. charge of the hydrophilic group and chain length of the hydrophobic hydrocarbon group of the surfactants and different characteristics of crude oil such as °API, acidity, weight percentage of the asphaltene and resin fractions, their aromaticity and polarity, and asphaltene stability parameter) were comprehensively analyzed. The results showed that IFT values, surface charge of the aggregates, and the size of microemulsions depend on the crude oil type, ionic strength, and type of surfactants, however, without any straightforward proportionality with the examined parameters. Among the considered surfactants, the cationic and non-ionic surfactant showed the lowest and highest dependency to the crude oil type, respectively. A paramount efficiency was obtained for CTAB cationic surfactant with the microemulsion size of 102 nm and surface charge at near isoelectric point (zeta potential of 3.5 mV).

在这项研究中，大量阴离子（SDS、SLS 和 SDBS）、阳离子（CTAB）和非离子（Triton X-100 和 Tween 80）表面活性剂在表面活性、乳液大小和表面借助界面张力 (IFT) 测量、zeta 电位和动态光散射 (DLS) 分析，在两种不同盐度的水溶液中研究了五种油样的电荷。此外，影响原油/表面活性剂溶液 IFT 的最重要参数（即表面活性剂的亲水基团的电荷和疏水烃基的链长以及原油的不同特性，如°API、酸度、重量）综合分析了沥青质和树脂馏分的百分比、芳香性和极性以及沥青质稳定性参数）。结果表明，IFT 值、聚集体的表面电荷和微乳液的大小取决于原油类型、离子强度和表面活性剂的类型，但是与所检查的参数没有任何直接的比例关系。在所考虑的表面活性剂中，阳离子和非离子表面活性剂对原油类型的依赖性分别最低和最高。CTAB 阳离子表面活性剂具有最高的效率，微乳液尺寸为 102 nm，表面电荷接近等电点（zeta 电位为 3.5 mV）。阳离子和非离子表面活性剂对原油类型的依赖性分别最低和最高。CTAB 阳离子表面活性剂具有最高的效率，微乳液尺寸为 102 nm，表面电荷接近等电点（zeta 电位为 3.5 mV）。阳离子和非离子表面活性剂对原油类型的依赖性分别最低和最高。CTAB 阳离子表面活性剂具有最高的效率，微乳液尺寸为 102 nm，表面电荷接近等电点（zeta 电位为 3.5 mV）。