Abstract—The short-time creep of martensitic 10Cr–3Co–3W–0.2Re (wt %) steel with a low nitrogen content subjected to normalizing at temperatures of 1050 and 1100°C and subsequent tempering at 770°C for 3 h is studied under the following creep conditions: the temperature is 650°C, and the applied stress is 200, 180, and 160 MPa. The time to failure is found to increase substantially in the steel at an increased normalizing temperature as a result of a longer transient creep stage and a decrease in the minimum creep rate under short-time creep conditions. An increase in the normalizing temperature from 1050 to 1100°C doubles the mean size of the initial austenite grain from 55 to 105 μm; in this case, the mean martensite lath width (about 300 nm) and the free dislocation density (~2 × 10¹⁴ m^–2) are independent of the normalizing temperature. The increase in the initial austenite grain size as a result of the increase in the normalizing temperature is found to be accompanied by an increase in the fraction and extent of low-angle boundaries, which favors a decrease in the mean size of grain-boundary M₂₃C₆ carbide particles during tempering and a Laves phase during creep. Moreover, an increase in the normalizing temperature causes a decrease in the rate of coarsening of grain-boundary M₂₃C₆ particles, tungsten-rich particles, and carbonitride Nb(C,N) particles uniformly distributed over the matrix volume by a factor of 5 (for the first two particles) and 31, respectively.

摘要—研究了低氮马氏体 10Cr–3Co–3W–0.2Re (wt %) 钢在 1050 和 1100°C 正火和随后在 770°C 回火 3 h 的短时蠕变。在以下蠕变条件下：温度为 650°C，外加应力为 200、180 和 160 MPa。由于较长的瞬态蠕变阶段和短时间蠕变条件下最小蠕变速率的降低，钢中的失效时间在增加的正火温度下显着增加。正火温度从 1050 增加到 1100°C 会使初始奥氏体晶粒的平均尺寸从 55 微米增加到 105 微米；在这种情况下，平均马氏体板条宽度（约 300 nm）和自由位错密度（~2 × 10 ¹⁴ m^–2 ) 与正火温度无关。发现由于正火温度的增加，初始奥氏体晶粒尺寸的增加伴随着小角晶界的比例和范围的增加，这有利于晶界 M 的平均尺寸减小回火过程中的₂₃ C ₆碳化物颗粒和蠕变过程中的 Laves 相。此外，正火温度的升高会导致均匀分布在基体体积上的晶界 M ₂₃ C ₆颗粒、富钨颗粒和碳氮化物 Nb(C,N) 颗粒的粗化速率降低 1 倍5（对于前两个粒子）和 31，分别。