Abstract

Although prior studies have examined the association between the presence of various types of business facilities and crime in place, less attention has been paid to how the effects of businesses can be temporally different based on their age. We focus on four consumer-facing business types: 1) retail, 2) service, 3) restaurant, and 4) food and drug stores. For each type, we construct block level measures of the number of businesses, the average business age, and the standard deviation of business age. We estimate fixed-effects negative binomial regression models to test the effects of these measures on crime in blocks, controlling for a range of factors known to be associated with crime rates. The average age of businesses was robustly associated with lower crime rates and such pattern was most pronounced in blocks with a greater business presence.

摘要

尽管之前的研究已经研究了各种类型的商业设施的存在与当地犯罪之间的关联，但很少有人关注企业的影响如何根据其年龄而在时间上有所不同。我们专注于四种面向消费者的业务类型：1) 零售，2) 服务，3) 餐厅，以及 4) 食品和药店。对于每种类型，我们构建了业务数量、平均业务年龄和业务年龄标准差的块级度量。我们估计固定效应负二项式回归模型来测试这些措施对街区犯罪的影响，控制一系列已知与犯罪率相关的因素。