A heterostructured polypyrrole@magnetic Co/CoFe₂O₄ nanoparticles@hollow nanobowl-like carbon (PPy@Co/CoFe₂O₄@HNBC) composite with a layer-by-layer (LBL) structure based on HNBC was prepared via a facile three-step process. HNBC was synthesized by a typical template method, then sequentially decorated with Co/CoFe₂O₄ and PPy via in-situ growth and polymerization. The relationship between the structure, components, and electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption performance of PPy@Co/CoFe₂O₄@HNBC was studied in depth. The EMW absorbing research shows that PPy@Co/CoFe₂O₄@HNBC exhibits excellent EMW absorption capability, with a minimum reflection loss (RL_min) of up to −61.85 dB at 12.80 GHz and 1.90 mm and a widest effective absorption bandwidth (WEAB, RL≤−10.00 dB) value of 5.60 GHz at 1.70 mm. The excellent EMW absorption performance of PPy@Co/CoFe₂O₄@HNBC can be ascribed to the multiple reflection and scattering that occurs due to its unique microstructure and the synergistic effects between the polarization and conduction induced dielectric loss, and the natural resonance and exchange resonance induced magnetic loss. As a consequence, the PPy@Co/CoFe₂O₄@HNBC composite designed in this work is a hopeful candidate for application in the field of EMW absorption.

采用简便的方法制备了基于 HNBC 的具有逐层 (LBL) 结构的异质结构聚吡咯@磁性 Co/CoFe ₂ O ₄纳米粒子@中空纳米碗状碳 (PPy@Co/CoFe ₂ O ₄ @HNBC) 复合材料。三步过程。HNBC通过典型的模板方法合成，然后通过原位生长和聚合依次用Co/CoFe ₂ O _{4和PPy修饰。}深入研究了PPy@Co/CoFe ₂ O ₄ @HNBC的结构、成分和电磁波(EMW)吸收性能之间的关系。电磁波吸收研究表明，PPy@Co/CoFe ₂ O ₄@HNBC 表现出出色的 EMW 吸收能力，在 12.80 GHz 和 1.90 mm 处具有高达 -61.85 dB的最小反射损耗 (RL _min )，在 1.70 处具有 5.60 GHz 的最宽有效吸收带宽 (WEAB, RL≤-10.00 dB) 值毫米。_{PPy@Co/CoFe 2} O ₄ @HNBC优异的 EMW 吸收性能可归因于其独特的微观结构以及极化和传导引起的介电损耗与自然共振和交换共振引起的磁损耗。因此，本工作设计的PPy@Co/CoFe ₂ O ₄ @HNBC 复合材料有望应用于电磁波吸收领域。