The heavy-duty mining haul truck (MHT) with hundreds tonnage could emit hundreds of times emissions over a passenger vehicle. The heavy burden of emissions and continuous global warming force the mining industry seeking clean powertrain solutions for MHT. This research optimizes several emerging clean powertrain solutions for a typical 240 tonnage MHT using integrated design and control optimization method, and compares the energy efficiency and carbon dioxide (CO₂) emission to the benchmark MHT with a diesel engine and diesel-electric drive. The well-established components model and optimal control theory support the integrated optimization under given operation profile. Currently, the battery electric solution could cut 63 percent usage cost incorporated with the lithium-ion battery degradation cost and reduce 21 percent well-to-wheel CO₂ emission, making the battery electric solution a competitive candidate. Though the hydrogen fuel cell emits 26 percent less CO2 emission than the diesel counterpart, the high investment cost and degradation cost hinder its wide application. Further improvement of hydrogen production, capital cost and durability of fuel cell, and fast-charging of lithium-ion battery could release huge potential in cleaner MHT. The study provides an approach to quantitatively compare clean powertrain solutions and identify the optimal powertrain parameters for cleaner MHT.

数百吨的重型采矿运输卡车 (MHT) 的排放量是乘用车的数百倍。沉重的排放负担和持续的全球变暖迫使采矿业为 MHT 寻求清洁的动力总成解决方案。本研究采用集成设计和控制优化方法，针对典型的 240 吨 MHT 优化了几种新兴的清洁动力总成解决方案，并比较了能源效率和二氧化碳（CO ₂) 排放到具有柴油发动机和柴油电力驱动的基准 MHT。完善的组件模型和最优控制理论支持给定运行配置下的集成优化。目前，电池电力解决方案可以降低 63% 的使用成本以及锂离子电池的退化成本，并减少 21% 的井到轮 CO ₂排放，使电池电力解决方案成为具有竞争力的候选方案。尽管氢燃料电池的二氧化碳排放量减少了 26%与柴油同类产品相比，高昂的投资成本和降解成本阻碍了其广泛应用。进一步提高氢气产量、燃料电池的资金成本和耐用性，以及锂离子电池的快速充电，可以释放出清洁MHT的巨大潜力。该研究提供了一种定量比较清洁动力总成解决方案并确定清洁 MHT 的最佳动力总成参数的方法。