Urban green infrastructures (UGI) have been suggested as a natural solution to tackle the problem of human thermal comfort as well as to reduce energy consumption in buildings under the pressures of rapid urbanization and global warming. However, the acceptance of UGI to mitigate the urban heat effect is not yet universal. The development of such an infrastructure is also not consistent across the regions, emphasizing the different objective parameters and methodologies. A systematic review has been conducted to analyze the published research work on UGI, targeting thermal comfort, in the past decade to identify the trends of UGI development around the world. The result shows that most of the studied locations were situated around the Mediterranean Sea region in a temperate climate, and most of the studied cities are within countries with a high gross domestic product, large urban area and urban population, primary energy consumption, and high greenhouse gas and carbon dioxide emissions. Extensive green roofs are the most popular type of UGI and mostly use Sedum plants. In the published studies, experimental setups are the most common methods by which to collect data. EnergyPlus is the most popular software used to conduct energy analysis for buildings, whereas ENVI-met is more commonly used for microclimate analysis. These results indicated that the direction of UGI studies is driven by climate characteristics and the socioeconomic factors of geographical location, which favor low construction cost and maintenance needs, with a minimal irrigation requirement for small-scale UGI projects. Understanding the trend of UGI approaches for thermal comfort allows researchers to standardize practices that help the decision-making process for future researchers while recognizing the limitations and potential of current UGI practices. It is recommended that future studies should include arid and equatorial climate regions, with more focus on large-scale projects including high-rise building environments to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of UGIs.

中文翻译：

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高密度城市环境下热舒适城市绿色基础设施现有研究、实践和前景的系统评价

在快速城市化和全球变暖的压力下，城市绿色基础设施 (UGI) 已被建议作为解决人类热舒适问题以及减少建筑物能源消耗的自然解决方案。然而，接受 UGI 以减轻城市热效应的做法尚未普遍。这种基础设施的发展在各个地区也不一致，强调不同的客观参数和方法。对过去十年中已发表的针对热舒适性的 UGI 研究工作进行了系统评价，以确定全球 UGI 的发展趋势。结果表明，大多数研究地点位于地中海地区周围的温带气候中，大部分研究城市位于国内生产总值高、城市面积和城市人口多、一次能源消耗大、温室气体和二氧化碳排放量高​​的国家。广泛的绿色屋顶是最流行的 UGI 类型，主要使用景天植物。在已发表的研究中，实验装置是收集数据的最常用方法。EnergyPlus 是用于进行建筑物能源分析的最流行的软件，而 ENVI-met 更常用于小气候分析。这些结果表明，UGI 研究的方向是由气候特征和地理位置的社会经济因素驱动的，这些因素有利于降低建设成本和维护需求，对小型 UGI 项目的灌溉要求最低。了解用于热舒适性的 UGI 方法的趋势使研究人员能够将有助于未来研究人员决策过程的实践标准化，同时认识到当前 UGI 实践的局限性和潜力。