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Exposure of carbon nanotubes affects testis and brain of common carp
Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology ( IF 4.3 ) Pub Date : 2022-08-11 , DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103957
Seetharam Deepa 1 , Sajwan-Khatri Mamta 1 , Arumugam Anitha 1 , Balasubramanian Senthilkumaran 1
Affiliation  

Carbon nanotubes production has been rapidly increasing for many potential applications, however, the environmental impact of this nanomaterial needs to be comprehended. The present work focused on unraveling the effects of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) in the common carp, Cyprinus carpio. The physicochemical properties of SWCNT were analyzed with X-ray diffraction, Fourier transforms infra-red, UV-Vis absorption, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Raman spectroscopy before testing for exposure impact. The effects of SWCNT, were investigated by exposing to two doses viz., 10 and 50 μg/L, for 7 days in adult common carp, in vivo. Expression of key steroidogenic and transcription factor genes related to testis and brain were downregulated after the treatment. The concomitant decreases in serum testosterone and 11-ketotestosterone levels revealed the impact of SWCNT after exposure. Further, SWCNT exposure induced antioxidant enzymes namely glutathione-S-transferases, superoxide dismutase, and catalase in both testis and brain. Concurrently, histological and TEM analysis of testis revealed structural disarray. In addition, SWCNT treatment, in testicular and brain primary cell cultures decreased cell viability with an increase of reactive oxygen species levels, leading to a significant elevation of apoptotic cells. In line with this, low mitochondrial membrane potential and DNA damage were also observed during post SWCNT treatment. Taken together, transient exposure of SWCNT causes toxic effects and alters testicular and brain function in the common carp. Thus, the discharge of carbon nanotubes poses a greater risk to the aquatic environment warranting regulatory measures.



中文翻译:

碳纳米管暴露影响鲤鱼睾丸和大脑

对于许多潜在的应用,碳纳米管的产量一直在迅速增加,但是,需要理解这种纳米材料对环境的影响。目前的工作重点是揭示单壁碳纳米管 (SWCNT) 在鲤鱼Cyprinus carpio 中的作用。在测试暴露影响之前,用 X 射线衍射、傅里叶变换红外、UV-Vis 吸收、透射电子显微镜 (TEM) 和拉曼光谱分析了 SWCNT 的物理化学性质。通过暴露于两个剂量即研究 SWCNT 的影响。, 10 和 50 μg/L,在成年鲤鱼体内持续 7 天,体内. 治疗后与睾丸和脑相关的关键类固醇生成和转录因子基因的表达下调。血清睾酮和 11-酮睾酮水平的伴随降低揭示了暴露后 SWCNT 的影响。此外,单壁碳纳米管暴露在睾丸和大脑中诱导抗氧化酶,即谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶。同时,睾丸的组织学和 TEM 分析显示结构混乱。此外,在睾丸和脑原代细胞培养中,SWCNT 处理随着活性氧水平的增加而降低了细胞活力,导致凋亡细胞显着升高。与此一致,在 SWCNT 处理后也观察到低线粒体膜电位和 DNA 损伤。综合起来,单壁碳纳米管的瞬时暴露会引起毒性作用并改变鲤鱼的睾丸和大脑功能。因此,碳纳米管的排放对水生环境构成了更大的风险,需要采取监管措施。

更新日期:2022-08-11
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