Some evidence suggests toxoplasmosis as an etiology of nephrotic syndrome (NS) in children; however, no observational study evaluated this relationship. In a case–control study, we enrolled 35 children with NS and 37 healthy children. All participants were examined for anti-Toxoplasma immunoglobulin G and M (IgG and IgM) antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We also systematically reviewed the literature to assess this relationship. Prevalence of anti-Toxoplasma IgG was 17.4% and 13.5% in cases and controls, respectively, indicating a non-significant association (adjusted odds ratio, 1.22, 95% confidence interval, 0.35–4.41). No subjects were seropositive for IgM. In a systematic review, we found that acute toxoplasmosis can induce NS in some children and anti-Toxoplasma treatment is effective in the remission of NS in these cases. In pediatrics with NS, acute toxoplasmosis should be considered as a neglected causative factor.

中文翻译：

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弓形虫感染与儿童肾病综合征风险之间的关联：病例对照研究和系统评价

一些证据表明弓形虫病是儿童肾病综合征 (NS) 的一种病因；然而，没有观察性研究评估这种关系。在一项病例对照研究中，我们招募了 35 名患有 NS 的儿童和 37 名健康儿童。使用酶联免疫吸附试验检查所有参与者的抗弓形虫免疫球蛋白 G 和 M（IgG 和 IgM）抗体。我们还系统地回顾了文献以评估这种关系。病例和对照中抗弓形虫 IgG 的流行率分别为 17.4% 和 13.5%，表明无显着相关性（调整优势比，1.22，95% 置信区间，0.35-4.41）。没有受试者对 IgM 呈血清反应阳性。在一项系统评价中，我们发现急性弓形虫病可在一些儿童中诱发 NS，抗弓形虫治疗可有效缓解这些病例的 NS。