The global energy crisis is increasing the demand for innovative materials with high purity and functionality for the development of clean energy production and storage. The development of novel photo- and electrocatalysts significantly depends on synthetic techniques that facilitate the production of tailored advanced nanomaterials. The emerging use of pulsed laser in liquid synthesis has attracted immense interest as an effective synthetic technology with several advantages over conventional chemical and physical synthetic routes, including the fine-tuning of size, composition, surface, and crystalline structures, and defect densities and is associated with the catalytic, electronic, thermal, optical, and mechanical properties of the produced nanomaterials. Herein, we present an overview of the fundamental understanding and importance of the pulsed laser process, namely various roles and mechanisms involved in the production of various types of nanomaterials, such as metal nanoparticles, oxides, non-oxides, and carbon-based materials. We mainly cover the advancement of photo- and electrocatalytic nanomaterials via pulsed laser-assisted technologies with detailed mechanistic insights and structural optimization along with effective catalytic performances in various energy and environmental remediation processes. Finally, the future directions and challenges of pulsed laser techniques are briefly underlined. This review can exert practical guidance for the future design and fabrication of innovative pulsed laser-induced nanomaterials with fascinating properties for advanced catalysis applications.

全球能源危机正在增加对清洁能源生产和储存发展的高纯度和功能性创新材料的需求。新型光催化剂和电催化剂的开发在很大程度上取决于促进定制先进纳米材料生产的合成技术。脉冲激光在液体合成中的新兴应用作为一种有效的合成技术引起了极大的兴趣，它与传统的化学和物理合成路线相比具有几个优势，包括尺寸、组成、表面和晶体结构以及缺陷密度的微调，并且是与所生产的纳米材料的催化、电子、热、光学和机械性能有关。在此处，我们概述了脉冲激光工艺的基本理解和重要性，即在生产各种类型的纳米材料（如金属纳米颗粒、氧化物、非氧化物和碳基材料）中所涉及的各种作用和机制。我们主要介绍通过脉冲激光辅助技术推进光催化和电催化纳米材料的发展，并提供详细的机理见解和结构优化，以及在各种能源和环境修复过程中的有效催化性能。最后，简要强调了脉冲激光技术的未来方向和挑战。本综述可以为未来设计和制造具有先进催化应用迷人特性的创新脉冲激光诱导纳米材料提供实践指导。