Magnetic field is a simple and powerful means that enables controlled the transport of electrode particles in flow electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI). However, the magnetic particles are easily stripped from hybrid suspension electrodes and the precise manipulation of the charge percolation network remains challenging. In this study, a programmable magnetic field was introduced into the FCDI system to enhance the desalination performance and operational stability of magnetic FCDI, with core-shell magnetic carbon (MC) used as an alternative electrode additive. The results showed that the pulsed magnetic field (PMF) was more effective in enhancing the average salt removal rate (ASRR) compared to the constant magnetic field (CMF), with 51.6% and 67.7% enhancement, respectively, compared to the magnetic field-free condition. The outstanding advantage of the PMF lies in the enhancement in the trapping and mediating effects in the switching magnetic field, which keeps the concentration of the electrode particles near the current collector at a high level and greatly facilitates electron transport. In long-term operation (20000 cycles), the pulsed magnetic FCDI achieved a stable desalinating rate of 0.4–0.68 μmol min^–1 cm^–2 and a charge efficiency of >96%. In brief, our study introduces a new approach for the precise manipulation of charge percolation networks of the suspension electrodes and provides insight into the charging mechanism of the magnetic FCDI.

磁场是一种简单而强大的手段，可以在流动电极电容去离子 (FCDI) 中控制电极粒子的传输。然而，磁性粒子很容易从混合悬浮电极上剥离，电荷渗透网络的精确操作仍然具有挑战性。在这项研究中，将可编程磁场引入 FCDI 系统，以提高磁性 FCDI 的脱盐性能和运行稳定性，并使用核壳磁性碳 (MC) 作为替代电极添加剂。结果表明，与恒定磁场 (CMF) 相比，脉冲磁场 (PMF) 在提高平均除盐率 (ASRR) 方面更有效，与磁场相比分别提高了 51.6% 和 67.7%。自由状态。PMF的突出优势在于增强了开关磁场中的俘获和介导效应，使集流体附近的电极粒子浓度保持在较高水平，极大地促进了电子传输。在长期运行（20000 次循环）中，脉冲磁性 FCDI 实现了 0.4-0.68 μmol·min 的稳定脱盐率^–1 cm ^–2和 >96% 的充电效率。简而言之，我们的研究介绍了一种精确操纵悬浮电极电荷渗透网络的新方法，并提供了对磁性 FCDI 充电机制的深入了解。