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Multivariate and health risks analysis of heavy metals in natural water sources around Enugu dumpsite, southeastern Nigeria
Applied Water Science ( IF 5.5 ) Pub Date : 2022-08-09 , DOI: 10.1007/s13201-022-01746-9
Daniel Chukwuemeka Ozoko, Ifeoma Linda Onyekwelu, Okechukwu Pius Aghamelu

The concentrations of heavy metals and health risks associated with the consumption of domestic water sources around a dumpsite in Enugu (southeastern Nigeria) were assessed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and multivariate analysis. The results showed the dumpsite leachate mean pH value of 4.1, Mn+ of 11.4 µg/l, Fe3+ 4.1 µg/l, Cd+ 0.3, As+ 6.03 µg/l, Pb+ 2.47 µg/l, Ni+ 14.13 µg/l, and Cr3+ 1.48. The groundwater and surface water samples had mean heavy metal values as follows: Mn+ 5.23 and 0.75 µg/l, Fe3+ 1.49 and 0.15 µg/l, Cd+ 0.08 and 0.10 µg/l, As+ 1.90 and 0.15 µg/l, Pb+ 1.01 and 0.35 µg/l, Ni+ 0.37 and 0.05 µg/l, and Cr3+ 0.03 and 0.05 µg/l, respectively. Comparison with maximum permissible limits indicated that the mean heavy metal concentrations of the tested samples were lower than the limits for drinking water, except for Mn+, As+, and Pb + , which were marginal above recommended limits. Principal component analysis results showed two principal components with the first principal component having high loadings of Mn+, Fe3+, As+, Pb+, Ni+, and Cr3+, which are statistically correlated. Probable sources of these contaminants include automobile parts and tools, batteries and electrical appliances and electronics heaped at the dumpsite. Analysis of variance results indicates a significant difference in datasets between and within each and both water sources. Human health risk assessment indices indicated that the water sources are moderate to highly polluted and could pose both non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic threats when consumed untreated, with children being more exposed than adults.



中文翻译:

尼日利亚东南部埃努古垃圾场周围天然水源重金属的多元及健康风险分析

通过原子吸收分光光度法和多变量分析评估了在埃努古(尼日利亚东南部)的一个垃圾场周围与生活用水源消耗相关的重金属浓度和健康风险。结果表明垃圾场渗滤液平均pH值为4.1,Mn + 11.4 µg/l,Fe 3+ 4.1 µg/l,Cd + 0.3,As + 6.03 µg/l,Pb + 2.47 µg/l,Ni + 14.13 µg /l,Cr 3+ 1.48。地下水和地表水样品的平均重金属值如下:Mn + 5.23 和 0.75 µg/l,Fe 3+ 1.49 和 0.15 µg/l,Cd + 0.08 和 0.10 µg/l,As +分别为 1.90 和 0.15 µg/l、Pb + 1.01 和 0.35 µg/l、Ni + 0.37 和 0.05 µg/l、Cr 3+ 0.03 和 0.05 µg/l。与最大允许限值比较表明,测试样品的平均重金属浓度低于饮用水的限值,但 Mn +、As +和 Pb + 除外,均略高于推荐限值。主成分分析结果显示两个主成分,其中第一个主成分具有高负载量的Mn +、Fe 3+、As +、Pb +、Ni +和Cr 3+ 。, 它们在统计上是相关的。这些污染物的可能来源包括堆放在垃圾场的汽车零件和工具、电池、电器和电子产品。方差分析结果表明,每个水源之间和内部的数据集存在显着差异。人类健康风险评估指数显示,水源为中度至高度污染,未经处理即饮用时可能造成非致癌和致癌威胁,儿童比成人更容易受到污染。

更新日期:2022-08-10
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