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Utility trenches: sinks or barriers? Modeling the fate of leaked water in a crowded subsurface
Journal of Hydrology ( IF 6.4 ) Pub Date : 2022-08-06 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2022.128303
Andrea D'Aniello , Luigi Cimorelli , Domenico Pianese

High permeability sand/gravel trenches surrounding utility pipes are deemed to create preferential pathways for water in the subsurface of urban environments. Although this can be true when both trench filling material and surrounding soils are fully water saturated, the same is not obvious in the unsaturated zone. This study explores the behavior of these anthropogenic features in the unsaturated zone and their role in the formation of the urban karst with specific interest to the fate of water leaked from utility pipelines and its potential to affect urban aquifers. A series of 3D steady state numerical simulations was performed assuming two groups of nearby utility trenches hosting a water pipeline, up to 6 concurrent leaks, different leak rates, native soil properties, slopes of the utility trenches, and initial water saturation profiles. The analysis showed that utility trenches in the unsaturated zone are more likely an obstacle to water flow originated from leaking water utilities. Indeed, they served as capillary barriers rather than sinks in the simulations, although with a limited diversion capacity. Nevertheless, a pronounced lateral spreading of leaked water within the trenches was predicted in some scenarios, which suggests that there is still potential for the urban karst effect to occur when native soil properties are not that far from those of the trench filling material, although high initial effective water saturations would be required in this case.



中文翻译:

公用沟渠:水槽还是屏障?在拥挤的地下模拟泄漏水的命运

公用管道周围的高渗透性沙/砾石沟被认为是为城市环境地下的水创造优先通道。虽然当沟填土材料和周围土壤都完全水饱和时会出现这种情况,但在非饱和区情况并不明显。本研究探讨了这些人为特征在非饱和区的行为及其在城市喀斯特形成中的作用,特别关注公用事业管道泄漏的水的命运及其影响城市含水层的潜力。假设两组附近的公用设施沟渠承载一条输水管道、多达 6 个并发泄漏、不同的泄漏率、天然土壤特性、公用设施沟渠的坡度和初始水饱和度剖面,则执行了一系列 3D 稳态数值模拟。分析表明,非饱和区的公用设施沟渠更可能是由漏水设施引起的水流障碍。事实上,它们在模拟中充当毛细屏障而不是汇,尽管分流能力有限。然而,在某些情况下,预计渗漏水会在沟渠内明显横向扩散,这表明当本地土壤特性与沟渠填充材料相距不远时,仍有可能发生城市喀斯特效应,尽管高在这种情况下,将需要初始有效水饱和度。它们在模拟中充当毛细屏障而不是汇,尽管分流能力有限。然而,在某些情况下,预计渗漏水会在沟渠内明显横向扩散,这表明当本地土壤特性与沟渠填充材料相距不远时,仍有可能发生城市喀斯特效应,尽管高在这种情况下,将需要初始有效水饱和度。它们在模拟中充当毛细屏障而不是汇,尽管分流能力有限。然而,在某些情况下,预计渗漏水会在沟渠内明显横向扩散,这表明当本地土壤特性与沟渠填充材料相距不远时,仍有可能发生城市喀斯特效应,尽管高在这种情况下,将需要初始有效水饱和度。

更新日期:2022-08-06
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