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Phage engineering and phage-assisted CRISPR-Cas delivery to combat multidrug-resistant pathogens
Bioengineering & Translational Medicine ( IF 7.4 ) Pub Date : 2022-08-03 , DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10381
Khushal Khambhati 1 , Gargi Bhattacharjee 1 , Nisarg Gohil 1 , Gurneet K Dhanoa 2 , Antonia P Sagona 2 , Indra Mani 3 , Nhat Le Bui 4 , Dinh-Toi Chu 4, 5 , Janardhan Keshav Karapurkar 6 , Su Hwa Jang 6, 7 , Hee Yong Chung 6, 7, 8 , Rupesh Maurya 1 , Khalid J Alzahrani 9 , Suresh Ramakrishna 6, 8 , Vijai Singh 1
Affiliation  

Antibiotic resistance ranks among the top threats to humanity. Due to the frequent use of antibiotics, society is facing a high prevalence of multidrug resistant pathogens, which have managed to evolve mechanisms that help them evade the last line of therapeutics. An alternative to antibiotics could involve the use of bacteriophages (phages), which are the natural predators of bacterial cells. In earlier times, phages were implemented as therapeutic agents for a century but were mainly replaced with antibiotics, and considering the menace of antimicrobial resistance, it might again become of interest due to the increasing threat of antibiotic resistance among pathogens. The current understanding of phage biology and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) assisted phage genome engineering techniques have facilitated to generate phage variants with unique therapeutic values. In this review, we briefly explain strategies to engineer bacteriophages. Next, we highlight the literature supporting CRISPR-Cas9-assisted phage engineering for effective and more specific targeting of bacterial pathogens. Lastly, we discuss techniques that either help to increase the fitness, specificity, or lytic ability of bacteriophages to control an infection.

中文翻译:

噬菌体工程和噬菌体辅助 CRISPR-Cas 递送以对抗多重耐药病原体

抗生素耐药性是人类面临的最大威胁之一。由于抗生素的频繁使用,社会正面临多重耐药病原体的高流行,这些病原体已经设法进化出帮助它们逃避最后一道疗法的机制。抗生素的替代品可能涉及使用噬菌体(噬菌体),它们是细菌细胞的天敌。在早期,噬菌体作为治疗剂应用了一个世纪,但主要被抗生素取代,考虑到抗菌素耐药性的威胁,由于病原体对抗生素耐药性的威胁越来越大,它可能再次受到关注。目前对噬菌体生物学和成簇规则间隔短回文重复序列 (CRISPR) 辅助噬菌体基因组工程技术的理解有助于产生具有独特治疗价值的噬菌体变体。在这篇综述中,我们简要解释了设计噬菌体的策略。接下来,我们重点介绍了支持 CRISPR-Cas9 辅助噬菌体工程以有效和更具体地靶向细菌病原体的文献。最后,我们讨论了有助于提高噬菌体的适应性、特异性或裂解能力以控制感染的技术。我们重点介绍了支持 CRISPR-Cas9 辅助噬菌体工程以有效和更具体地靶向细菌病原体的文献。最后,我们讨论了有助于提高噬菌体的适应性、特异性或裂解能力以控制感染的技术。我们重点介绍了支持 CRISPR-Cas9 辅助噬菌体工程以有效和更具体地靶向细菌病原体的文献。最后,我们讨论了有助于提高噬菌体的适应性、特异性或裂解能力以控制感染的技术。
更新日期:2022-08-03
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