Since the late 19^th century, enormous endeavors have been made in extending the scope and capability of optical interferometers. Recently, plasmonic vortices that strongly confine the orbital angular momentum to surface have attracted considerable attention. However, current research interests in this area have focused on the mechanisms and dynamics of polarization-dependent single plasmonic vortex generation and evolution, while the interference between different plasmonic vortices for practical applications has been unexplored. Here, a method for flexible on-chip spin-to-orbital angular momentum conversion is introduced, resulting in exotic interferograms. Based on this method, a new form of interferometers that is realized by the interference between customized plasmonic vortices is demonstrated. Within wavelength-scale dimension, the proposed plasmonic vortex interferometers exhibit superior performance to directly measure the polarization state, spin and orbital angular momentum of incident beams. The proposed interferometry is straightforward and robust, and can be expected to be applied to different scenarios, fueling fundamental advances and applications alike.

中文翻译：

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片上等离子涡旋干涉仪

自 19^日晚世纪以来，人们在扩展光学干涉仪的范围和能力方面做出了巨大的努力。最近，强烈地将轨道角动量限制在表面的等离子体涡旋引起了相当大的关注。然而，目前该领域的研究兴趣集中在偏振相关的单等离子体涡旋产生和演化的机制和动力学上，而实际应用中不同等离子体涡旋之间的干扰尚未探索。在这里，介绍了一种灵活的片上自旋到轨道角动量转换的方法，从而产生奇异的干涉图。基于该方法，演示了一种通过定制等离子体涡旋之间的干涉实现的新型干涉仪。在波长尺度维度内，所提出的等离子体涡旋干涉仪在直接测量入射光束的偏振态、自旋和轨道角动量方面表现出卓越的性能。所提出的干涉测量法简单而稳健，可以预期应用于不同的场景，推动基本的进步和类似的应用。