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Mechanical Compliance of Individual Fractures in a Heterogeneous Rock Mass From Production-Type Full-Waveform Sonic Data
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2022-08-03 , DOI: 10.1029/2022jb024302
Zhenya Zhou 1 , Eva Caspari 2 , Nicolás D. Barbosa 1 , Andrew Greenwood 1, 2 , Klaus Holliger 1
Affiliation  

The mechanical fracture compliance is of interest in a number of geoscientific applications. Seismic borehole methods, especially full-waveform sonic (FWS) data, have indicated their potential to infer the compliance of macroscopic fractures under in situ conditions. These approaches rely on the assumption of a homogeneous background embedding the fractures and, as of yet, compliance estimates for individual fractures are limited to static FWS measurements. In this work, we assess the potential of inferring the compliance of individual fractures from standard, production-type FWS data in the presence of background heterogeneity. We first perform a comparative test on synthetic data to evaluate three approaches known as the transmission, phase, and group time delay methods. The results indicate that the former two produce adequate compliance estimates for scenarios with a strongly heterogeneous background or a damage zone around the fracture. These two methods are then applied to two FWS data sets acquired before and after a hydraulic stimulation campaign in a crystalline rock, which allows to test them on natural and man-made fractures. The transmission method turned out to be unsuitable for the considered data due to its reliance on amplitudes. Conversely, the travel time behavior remained stable and the phase time delay method produced robust and consistent estimates. The results for a newly created hydro-fracture imply the capability of resolving remarkably small compliance values of the order of 10−14 m/Pa. This estimate is one order-of-magnitude smaller than that for the natural fracture, which may help to distinguish between these two fracture types.

中文翻译:

基于生产型全波形声波数据的非均质岩体中单个裂缝的力学顺应性

机械断裂顺应性在许多地球科学应用中都很重要。地震钻孔方法,尤其是全波形声波 (FWS) 数据,已经表明它们具有推断原位条件下宏观裂缝顺应性的潜力。这些方法依赖于嵌入裂缝的均匀背景的假设,到目前为止,对单个裂缝的顺应性估计仅限于静态 FWS 测量。在这项工作中,我们评估了在存在背景异质性的情况下从标准的生产型 FWS 数据推断单个裂缝的顺应性的潜力。我们首先对合成数据进行比较测试,以评估三种方法,即传输、相位和群时间延迟方法。结果表明,对于具有强烈异质背景或裂缝周围损伤区的情景,前两者产生了足够的合规性估计。然后将这两种方法应用于在结晶岩石中进行水力增产活动之前和之后获取的两个 FWS 数据集,从而可以在天然和人造裂缝上对其进行测试。由于传输方法依赖于幅度,因此结果不适合所考虑的数据。相反,旅行时间行为保持稳定,相位时间延迟方法产生了稳健且一致的估计。新产生的水力裂缝的结果意味着能够解决非常小的 10 量级的柔量值 然后将这两种方法应用于在结晶岩石中进行水力增产活动之前和之后获取的两个 FWS 数据集,从而可以在天然和人造裂缝上对其进行测试。由于传输方法依赖于幅度,因此结果不适合所考虑的数据。相反,旅行时间行为保持稳定,相位时间延迟方法产生了稳健且一致的估计。新产生的水力裂缝的结果意味着能够解决非常小的 10 量级的柔量值 然后将这两种方法应用于在结晶岩石中进行水力增产活动之前和之后获取的两个 FWS 数据集,从而可以在天然和人造裂缝上对其进行测试。由于传输方法依赖于幅度,因此结果不适合所考虑的数据。相反,旅行时间行为保持稳定,相位时间延迟方法产生了稳健且一致的估计。新产生的水力裂缝的结果意味着能够解决非常小的 10 量级的柔量值 由于传输方法依赖于幅度,因此结果不适合所考虑的数据。相反,旅行时间行为保持稳定,相位时间延迟方法产生了稳健且一致的估计。新产生的水力裂缝的结果意味着能够解决非常小的 10 量级的柔量值 由于传输方法依赖于幅度,因此结果不适合所考虑的数据。相反,旅行时间行为保持稳定,相位时间延迟方法产生了稳健且一致的估计。新产生的水力裂缝的结果意味着能够解决非常小的 10 量级的柔量值-14 米/帕。该估计值比天然裂缝的估计值小一个数量级,这可能有助于区分这两种裂缝类型。
更新日期:2022-08-03
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