The Renewable Energy Directive drives the European Countries to enhancement of independent energy systems and self-consumption users such as Renewable Energy Communities. The recent directives about energy communities represent a development of previous ones about energy sharing systems defined in the early 2000s. In this work, the past and current directives about energy sharing have been investigated by considering technical and management aspects. The social, economic, technical aspects of Renewable Energy Communities have defined in order to show the advantage of them and their upgrade with respect to previous energy sharing directives. In addition, a case study has been considered by using an energy, environmental and economic analysis in a multi-purpose energy community by considering three different configurations for end-users: simple users, energy close sharing system and energy community. The energy community loads and energy conversion systems have been modelled and simulated by using a commercial software. The results about community configuration by following recent directive show an annual electricity self-consumption index equal to 56%. The renewable energy community allows to avoid 39.5 t/y of CO₂ emissions with respect to the traditional configuration without sharing approach. The index of renewable energy source local self-consumption of energy community results higher than the sharing system referred to previous directives. People involved in this community could be more aware for environment issues and they could develop a more sustainable attitude.

可再生能源指令推动欧洲国家加强独立能源系统和可再生能源社区等自消费用户。最近关于能源社区的指令代表了对 2000 年代初定义的关于能源共享系统的先前指令的发展。在这项工作中，通过考虑技术和管理方面，研究了过去和当前关于能源共享的指令。定义了可再生能源社区的社会、经济、技术方面，以展示它们的优势及其相对于以前的能源共享指令的升级。此外，通过考虑最终用户的三种不同配置，通过在多用途能源社区中使用能源、环境和经济分析来考虑案例研究：简单用户、能源紧密共享系统和能源社区。使用商业软件对能源社区负荷和能源转换系统进行了建模和模拟。根据最近的指令进行的社区配置结果显示，每年的电力自用指数等于 56%。可再生能源社区可以避免 39.5 吨/年的二氧化碳排放₂排放相对于传统配置不分摊方式。可再生能源就地自用能源社区指数结果高于以往指令中提到的共享系统。参与这个社区的人们可以更加了解环境问题，他们可以培养一种更可持续的态度。