Understanding the relative contributions of the environment to commercial fisheries and aquaculture systems is an area of intense importance as it quantifies the dependence these human dominated systems have on healthy and productive ecosystems. Measures of sustainability are required that include environmental support, use of nonrenewable resources, and labor & services. This work draws on primary and secondary data used in an emergy analysis approach to assess environmental support and sustainability of a wild catch sockeye salmon fishery in Bristol Bay, Alaska and Atlantic salmon aquaculture in Norway. The analyses ended at the processing gate for both production systems. Environmental support of the sockeye fishery amounted to 69% of total inputs for landed fish and 37% for processed fish, while the environmental support for farm raised Atlantic salmon was 60% and 42% for landed and processed fish respectively. Labor and services contributed 53% of total inputs for processed sockeye and 44% for Atlantic salmon. The emergy indices for the wild caught sockeye and farmed Atlantic salmon systems were relatively high having emergy yield ratios for landed fish of 3.2 (wild caught sockeye) and 2.3 (farmed Atlantic salmon). After processing emergy yields of both systems were 1.6 (sockeye) and 1.7 (Atlantic salmon). Environmental loading ratios for the sockeye fishery were 0.45 and 1.69 for landed salmon and processed fish respectively, while for Atlantic salmon they were 0.76 and 1.40 for harvested and processed fish respectively. Emergy sustainability indexes (ESI) for both production systems were much higher than other aquaculture systems. Landed sockeye salmon had an ESI of 7.2, while that of farmed raised Atlantic salmon was 3.0, somewhat lower, but still a relatively sustainable source of high-quality protein.

了解环境对商业渔业和水产养殖系统的相对贡献是一个非常重要的领域，因为它量化了这些人类主导的系统对健康和生产性生态系统的依赖。需要采取可持续性措施，包括环境支持、不可再生资源的使用以及劳动力和服务。这项工作利用能值分析方法中使用的主要和次要数据来评估阿拉斯加布里斯托尔湾和挪威大西洋鲑鱼水产养殖的野生捕捞红鲑鱼渔业的环境支持和可持续性。分析在两个生产系统的处理门结束。对红鲑渔业的环境支持占上岸鱼类总投入的 69%，加工鱼的 37%，养殖大西洋鲑的环境支持率分别为 60% 和 42% 用于陆产和加工鱼类。劳动力和服务贡献了加工红鲑总投入的 53% 和大西洋鲑鱼的 44%。野生捕获的红鲑鱼和养殖的大西洋鲑鱼系统的能值指数相对较高，陆地鱼类的能值产量比为 3.2（野生捕获的红鲑鱼）和 2.3（养殖的大西洋鲑鱼）。处理后两个系统的能值产量分别为 1.6（红鲑）和 1.7（大西洋鲑鱼）。鲑鱼捕捞和加工鱼的环境负荷率分别为 0.45 和 1.69，而大西洋鲑鱼捕捞和加工鱼的环境负荷率分别为 0.76 和 1.40。两个生产系统的能值可持续性指数（ESI）都远高于其他水产养殖系统。登陆的红鲑鱼的 ESI 为 7.2，而养殖的大西洋鲑鱼的 ESI 为 3.0，略低，但仍然是相对可持续的优质蛋白质来源。