Importance Although there is abundant evidence relating neuronal and vascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) measures to retinal disease, data on the normative distribution of retinal features and their associations with visual function in a healthy, older, community-based population are sparse. Objectives To characterize the normative OCT and OCTA measures in older adults and describe their associations with visual function. Design, Setting, and Participants This was a cross-sectional, observational study conducted from May 17, 2017, to May 31, 2019. The study included a community-based sample. Participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study from Jackson, Mississippi (all self-reported Black participants), and Washington County, Maryland (all self-reported White participants), were recruited in the Eye Determinants of Cognition study (EyeDOC). Data analyses were conducted from June 14, 2020, to May 31, 2021. Main Outcomes and Measures Retinal measurements, including retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, macular ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness, macular vessel density (VD) in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP), and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, were captured with spectral-domain OCT and OCTA. Visual function, including presenting distance vision, corrected distance vision, near visual acuity (VA), and contrast sensitivity (CS), was assessed. Results A total of 759 participants (mean [SD] age, 80 [4.2] years; 480 female participants [63%]; 352 Black participants [46%]) were included in the study. Mean (SD) GCC thickness (89.2 [9.3] μm vs 92.3 [8.5] μm) and mean (SD) FAZ (0.36 [0.16] mm2 vs 0.26 [0.12] mm2) differed between Jackson and Washington County participants, respectively. Mean (SD) RNFL thickness and mean (SD) VD in SCP and DCP were greater for participants 80 years or younger than for participants older than 80 years (RNFL: ≤80 years, 93.2 [10.5] μm; >80 years, 91.1 [11.6] μm; VD SCP, ≤80 years, 44.3% [3.5%]; >80 years, 43.5% [3.8%]; VD DCP, ≤80 years, 44.7% [4.9%]; >80 years, 43.7% [4.8%]). Linear regression showed each 10-μm increment in RNFL thickness and GCC thickness was positively associated with 0.016 higher logCS among all participants (RNFL: 95% CI, 0.005-0.027; P = .004; GCC: 95% CI, 0.003-0.029; P = .02), with stronger associations among Jackson participants. The associations of VA and structural measures were found only in Jackson participants, with coefficients per 10-μm increment of 0.012 logMAR VA (RNFL: 95% CI, 0.000-0.023; P = .049) and 0.020 logMAR VA (GCC: 95% CI, 0.004-0.034; P = .04). Conclusions and Relevance In this cross-sectional study, better CS was associated with greater RNFL thickness and GCC thickness, but no visual measures were associated with angiographic features overall. These findings suggest that clinical application of normative references for OCT- and OCTA-based measures should consider demographic and community features.

中文翻译：

---

光学相干断层扫描和光学相干断层扫描血管造影视网膜特征与老年人视觉功能的关联。

尽管有大量证据表明神经元和血管光学相干断层扫描 (OCT) 和 OCT 血管造影 (OCTA) 测量与视网膜疾病有关，但关于健康、老年人、社区的视网膜特征的规范分布及其与视功能的关系的数据人口稀少。目的 表征老年人的规范 OCT 和 OCTA 测量，并描述其与视功能的关联。设计、设置和参与者这是一项于2017年5月17日至2019年5月31日进行的横断面观察性研究。该研究包括基于社区的样本。社区动脉粥样硬化风险研究的参与者来自密西西比州杰克逊（所有自我报告的黑人参与者）和马里兰州华盛顿县（所有自我报告的白人参与者），被招募参加“眼部认知决定因素”研究（EyeDOC）。数据分析于2020年6月14日至2021年5月31日进行。主要结果和测量视网膜测量，包括视网膜神经纤维层（RNFL）厚度、黄斑神经节细胞复合体（GCC）厚度、黄斑血管密度（VD）使用频域 OCT 和 OCTA 捕获浅毛细血管丛 (SCP) 和深部毛细血管丛 (DCP) 以及中央凹无血管区 (FAZ) 区域。评估视觉功能，包括远视力、矫正远视力、近视力（VA）和对比敏感度（CS）。结果 研究共有 759 名参与者（平均 [SD] 年龄，80 [4.2] 岁；480 名女性参与者 [63%]；352 名黑人参与者 [46%]）。平均 (SD) GCC 厚度（89.2 [9.3] μm vs 92.3 [8. 杰克逊县和华盛顿县参与者之间的 FAZ 平均值 (SD) 和平均 (SD) FAZ（0.36 [0.16] mm2 与 0.26 [0.12] mm2）分别不同。80 岁或以下的参与者的 SCP 和 DCP 的平均 (SD) RNFL 厚度和平均 (SD) VD 大于 80 岁以上的参与者（RNFL：≤80 岁，93.2 [10.5] μm；>80 岁，91.1 [ 11.6] μm；VD SCP，≤80 年，44.3% [3.5%]；>80 年，43.5% [3.8%]；VD DCP，≤80 年，44.7% [4.9%]；>80 年，43.7% [ 4.8%]）。线性回归显示，所有参与者中，RNFL 厚度和 GCC 厚度每增加 10 μm，logCS 就会提高 0.016（RNFL：95% CI，0.005-0.027；P = .004；GCC：95% CI，0.003-0.029；GCC：95% CI，0.003-0.029；P = 0.004）。 P = .02），杰克逊参与者之间的关联性更强。仅在杰克逊参与者中发现了 VA 和结构性措施的关联，每 10 μm 增量的系数为 0.012 logMAR VA（RNFL：95% CI，0.000-0.023；P = .049）和 0.020 logMAR VA（GCC：95% CI，0.004-0.034；P = .04）。结论和相关性 在这项横断面研究中，更好的 CS 与更大的 RNFL 厚度和 GCC 厚度相关，但没有视觉测量与总体血管造影特征相关。这些发现表明，基于 OCT 和 OCTA 的测量的规范性参考的临床应用应考虑人口和社区特征。