To determine the trajectory of depressive symptoms several years before and after incident stroke.

We analyzed data from 10,797 participants from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing without a history of stroke at baseline (wave 1). We matched participants with first-ever stroke during the 12-year follow-up (waves 2–7) to stroke-free individuals using propensity scores accounting for age, sex, education, ethnicity, and vascular risk factors. Trajectories of depressive symptoms before and after stroke were analyzed using multilevel models.

Among the 10,797 participants (mean age 64.6 ± 9.9 years, 54.8% women), we identified 425 individuals with incident stroke. At the assessment before stroke, these individuals demonstrated an increase in depressive symptoms when compared with matched controls. There was a further increase in depressive symptoms in stroke survivors after the acute event, which persisted for several years. Symptom-level analyses revealed that differences in depressive symptoms between stroke survivors and stroke-free controls before and after stroke were most pronounced for mood-related and fatigue-related symptoms.

Incident stroke is associated with long-term increases in depressive symptoms. A small part of this increase occurs in the years before stroke, perhaps indicating the incipient pathologic process. Particular attention should be paid to depressive symptoms in the long-term care of patients, and especially to fatigue-related symptoms.

确定中风发生前后几年抑郁症状的轨迹。

我们分析了来自英国老龄化纵向研究的 10,797 名参与者的数据，这些参与者在基线时没有卒中史（第 1 波）。我们使用考虑到年龄、性别、教育、种族和血管危险因素的倾向评分，将在 12 年的随访（第 2-7 波）中首次中风的参与者与无中风的个体进行匹配。使用多级模型分析中风前后抑郁症状的轨迹。

在 10,797 名参与者（平均年龄 64.6 ± 9.9 岁，54.8% 为女性）中，我们确定了 425 名发生卒中的个体。在中风前的评估中，与匹配的对照组相比，这些人的抑郁症状有所增加。急性事件后，中风幸存者的抑郁症状进一步增加，并持续了数年。症状水平分析显示，中风幸存者和无中风对照组在中风前后的抑郁症状差异在情绪相关和疲劳相关症状方面最为明显。

中风事件与抑郁症状的长期增加有关。这种增加的一小部分发生在中风前的几年，这可能表明早期的病理过程。在对患者的长期护理中应特别注意抑郁症状，尤其是与疲劳相关的症状。