Multiple sclerosis is a recurrent and progressive inflammatory autoimmune disease causing demyelination in the central nervous system. Nowadays, the number of MS patients is increasing, but the diagnostic process and disease management are still quite difficult and costly and time consuming. The combination of methods used for clinical MS diagnosis mainly relies on MRI, that cannot be used as routine analysis. Classical methods of biological liquids analysis used for disease diagnosis and monitoring, include electrophoretic and labeled antibody-based techniques requiring professional personnel for analysis performing and results interpretation. In line with that, there is a need for reliable, sensitive and cost-effective methods that would be easier to take for both the staff and the patient. Biosensors application for MS biomarkers detection would provide such advantages.

This review aimed to summarize studies carried out in this field available at the literature so far, evaluate current situation and emphasize possible perspectives for research and clinical application. Since this is multidisciplinary area of research, including development of biosensors, their use in clinical practice and making diagnostic clues, this review is expected to help different specialists, medical doctors, engineers, biochemists to use the results of each other's work for common good. Possible transition to the use biosensors in clinical practice may be associated with some difficulties that must be taken into account were either considered.

多发性硬化症是一种复发性和进行性炎症性自身免疫性疾病，会导致中枢神经系统脱髓鞘。如今，MS 患者的数量不断增加，但诊断过程和疾病管理仍然相当困难、昂贵且耗时。用于临床MS诊断的组合方法主要依赖MRI，不能作为常规分析。用于疾病诊断和监测的生物液体分析的经典方法包括电泳和基于标记抗体的技术，需要专业人员进行分析执行和结果解释。与此相一致，需要可靠、灵敏且具有成本效益的方法，使工作人员和患者都更容易采用。

This review aimed to summarize studies carried out in this field available at the literature so far, evaluate current situation and emphasize possible perspectives for research and clinical application. Since this is multidisciplinary area of research, including development of biosensors, their use in clinical practice and making diagnostic clues, this review is expected to help different specialists, medical doctors, engineers, biochemists to use the results of each other's work for common good. Possible transition to the use biosensors in clinical practice may be associated with some difficulties that must be taken into account were either considered.