Recently, various semiconductor/metal composites have been developed to fabricate surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy substrates. However, low metal loading on semiconductors is still a challenge. In this study, cystine was introduced to increase the accumulation of gold nanoparticles on zinc oxide, owing to the biomineralization property of cystine. Morphological analysis revealed that the obtained ZnO/Au/cystine composite not only had a higher metal loading but also formed a porous structure, which is beneficial for Raman performance. Compared with ZnO/Au, the ZnO/Au/cystine substrate displayed a 40-fold enhancement in the Raman signal and a lower limit of detection (10⁻¹¹ mol·L⁻¹) in the detection of rhodamine 6G. Moreover, the substrate has favorable homogeneity and stability. Finally, ZnO/Au/cystine displayed excellent performance toward crystal violet and methylene blue in a test based on river water samples. This study provided a promising method to fabricate sensitive semiconductor/noble metal-based surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy substrates for Raman detection.

最近，已经开发出各种半导体/金属复合材料来制造表面增强拉曼光谱基板。然而，半导体上的低金属负载仍然是一个挑战。在这项研究中，由于胱氨酸的生物矿化特性，引入了胱氨酸以增加金纳米颗粒在氧化锌上的积累。形貌分析表明，所得ZnO/Au/胱氨酸复合材料不仅具有较高的金属负载量，而且形成了多孔结构，有利于拉曼性能。与ZnO/Au相比，ZnO/Au/胱氨酸底物的拉曼信号增强40倍，检测下限(10 ^-11 mol·L ^-1) 在罗丹明 6G 的检测中。此外，基板具有良好的均匀性和稳定性。最后，在基于河水样品的测试中，ZnO/Au/胱氨酸对结晶紫和亚甲蓝表现出优异的性能。该研究为制造用于拉曼检测的灵敏半导体/贵金属基表面增强拉曼光谱基板提供了一种有前景的方法。