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Elp3-mediated codon-dependent translation promotes mTORC2 activation and regulates macrophage polarization
The EMBO Journal ( IF 11.4 ) Pub Date : 2022-08-03 , DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021109353
Dawei Chen 1, 2, 3 , Ivan Nemazanyy 4 , Olivier Peulen 1, 5 , Kateryna Shostak 1, 2, 3 , Xinyi Xu 1, 2, 3 , Seng Chuan Tang 1, 2, 3 , Caroline Wathieu 1, 2, 3 , Silvia Turchetto 1, 3, 6 , Sylvia Tielens 1, 2, 3 , Laurent Nguyen 1, 3, 6 , Pierre Close 1, 3, 7, 8 , Christophe Desmet 1, 9 , Sebastian Klein 10 , Alexandra Florin 10 , Reinhard Büttner 10 , Georgios Petrellis 11 , Benjamin Dewals 11 , Alain Chariot 1, 2, 3, 8
Affiliation  

Macrophage polarization is a process whereby macrophages acquire distinct effector states (M1 or M2) to carry out multiple and sometimes opposite functions. We show here that translational reprogramming occurs during macrophage polarization and that this relies on the Elongator complex subunit Elp3, an enzyme that modifies the wobble uridine base U34 in cytosolic tRNAs. Elp3 expression is downregulated by classical M1-activating signals in myeloid cells, where it limits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines via FoxO1 phosphorylation, and attenuates experimental colitis in mice. In contrast, alternative M2-activating signals upregulate Elp3 expression through a PI3K- and STAT6-dependent signaling pathway. The metabolic reprogramming linked to M2 macrophage polarization relies on Elp3 and the translation of multiple candidates, including the mitochondrial ribosome large subunit proteins Mrpl3, Mrpl13, and Mrpl47. By promoting translation of its activator Ric8b in a codon-dependent manner, Elp3 also regulates mTORC2 activation. Elp3 expression in myeloid cells further promotes Wnt-driven tumor initiation in the intestine by maintaining a pool of tumor-associated macrophages exhibiting M2 features. Collectively, our data establish a functional link between tRNA modifications, mTORC2 activation, and macrophage polarization.

中文翻译:

Elp3 介导的密码子依赖性翻译促进 mTORC2 活化并调节巨噬细胞极化

巨噬细胞极化是巨噬细胞获得不同效应状态(M1 或 M2)以执行多种有时相反的功能的过程。我们在这里表明,翻译重编程发生在巨噬细胞极化过程中,这依赖于 Elongator 复合亚基 Elp3,这是一种修改胞质 tRNA 中摆动的尿苷碱基 U34 的酶。Elp3 表达被骨髓细胞中经典的 M1 激活信号下调,它通过 FoxO1 磷酸化限制促炎细胞因子的产生,并减轻小鼠的实验性结肠炎。相比之下,替代的 M2 激活信号通过 PI3K 和 STAT6 依赖性信号通路上调 Elp3 表达。与 M2 巨噬细胞极化相关的代谢重编程依赖于 Elp3 和多个候选者的翻译,包括线粒体核糖体大亚基蛋白 Mrpl3、Mrpl13 和 Mrpl47。通过以密码子依赖性方式促进其激活剂 Ric8b 的翻译,Elp3 还调节 mTORC2 的激活。骨髓细胞中的 Elp3 表达通过维持具有 M2 特征的肿瘤相关巨噬细胞池进一步促进 Wnt 驱动的肠道肿瘤起始。总的来说,我们的数据建立了 tRNA 修饰、mTORC2 激活和巨噬细胞极化之间的功能联系。骨髓细胞中的 Elp3 表达通过维持具有 M2 特征的肿瘤相关巨噬细胞池进一步促进 Wnt 驱动的肠道肿瘤起始。总的来说,我们的数据建立了 tRNA 修饰、mTORC2 激活和巨噬细胞极化之间的功能联系。骨髓细胞中的 Elp3 表达通过维持具有 M2 特征的肿瘤相关巨噬细胞池进一步促进 Wnt 驱动的肠道肿瘤起始。总的来说,我们的数据建立了 tRNA 修饰、mTORC2 激活和巨噬细胞极化之间的功能联系。
更新日期:2022-08-03
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