Herein, a series of vanillin-crosslinked chitosan (Vn-CS) nanocomposites (NCs) containing various contents of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) was prepared and characterized via FTIR spectroscopy, XRD, TGA, SEM and TEM. Changing the weight% of ZnO NPs in the prepared NCs resulted in an improvement in their antibacterial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria strains compared with the unmodified CS, and the encapsulation efficiency of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was found to be in the range of 61.4–69.2%. Subsequently, the release of 5-FU was monitored utilizing the mesoporous ZrO₂–Co₃O₄ NPs modified carbon paste sensor via the square-wave adsorptive anodic stripping voltammetry (SW-AdASV) technique. Also, the release mechanism of 5-FU from each NC was studied by applying the zero-order, first-order, Hixson–Crowell and Higuchi models to the experimental results. The cytotoxicity of prepared NCs and 5-FU-encapsulated NCs was evaluated against the HePG-2, MCF-7 and HCT-116 cancer cell lines, in addition to the WI-38 and WISH normal cell lines using the MTT assay. Notably, 5-FU/CV₁₀ NC exhibited the highest antitumor activity towards all tested cancer cell lines and a moderate activity against WI-38 and WISH normal cell lines with IC₅₀ values of 28.02 ± 2.5 and 31.65 ± 2.7 μg mL⁻¹, respectively. The obtained nanocomposites exhibited suitable selectivity with minimum toxicity against normal cells.

中文翻译：

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香兰素交联壳聚糖/ZnO纳米复合材料作为5-氟尿嘧啶的给药系统：通过介孔ZrO2-Co3O4纳米粒子修饰传感器的释放行为和抗肿瘤活性研究

本文制备了一系列香兰素交联壳聚糖 (Vn-CS) 纳米复合材料 (NCs)，并通过FTIR 光谱、XRD、TGA、SEM 和 TEM 对其进行了表征。与未修饰的 CS 相比，改变制备的 NCs 中 ZnO NPs 的重量百分比导致其对革兰氏阴性和革兰氏阳性细菌菌株的抗菌活性有所提高，并且发现了 5-氟尿嘧啶 (5-FU) 的包封效率在 61.4-69.2% 的范围内。随后，利用介孔 ZrO ₂ –Co ₃ O ₄ NPs 改性碳糊传感器通过以下方法监测 5-FU 的释放方波吸附阳极溶出伏安法（SW-AdASV）技术。此外，通过将零阶、一阶、Hixson-Crowell 和 Higuchi 模型应用于实验结果，研究了每个 NC 的 5-FU 释放机制。除了 WI-38 和 WISH 正常细胞系外，还使用 ​​MTT 测定法评估了制备的 NC 和 5-FU 封装的 NC 对 HePG-2、MCF-7 和 HCT-116 癌细胞系的细胞毒性。值得注意的是，5-FU/CV ₁₀ NC 对所有测试的癌细胞系表现出最高的抗肿瘤活性，对 WI-38 和 WISH 正常细胞系表现出中等活性，IC ₅₀值为 28.02 ± 2.5 和 31.65 ± 2.7 μg mL ^-1， 分别。获得的纳米复合材料表现出合适的选择性，对正常细胞的毒性最小。