Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine the direct effects and mediating effect of physical activity (PA) enjoyment on the associations of the physical environment and family environment with adolescent PA behavior.

Methods

Participants were US high school students who participated in the National Youth Physical Activity and Nutrition Study (N = 11,429; 49.4% female). The dependent variable was a latent variable from 3 survey items indicating adolescent PA behavior. One set of independent variables were items of the physical environment and a second set of independent variables were items of the family environment. A latent PA enjoyment mediating variable was constructed within a weighted structural equation model to examine the standardized direct and indirect effects (IEs) of the physical and family environment variables with adolescent PA controlling for demographic covariates.

Results

Significant PA enjoyment mediating effects on adolescent PA were observed for the physical environment variables (IE range = 0.015–0.040) and adult transportation (IE = 0.013, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.006–0.020). The strongest direct effects were the associations between the family environment variables of adult PA encouragement (β = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.08–0.14), transportation (β = 0.14, 95% CI: 0.10–0.17), and watching (β = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.09–0.15) with adolescent PA.

Discussion

Stronger PA enjoyment mediating effects on adolescent PA were observed for variables of the physical environment compared to the family environment but the strongest direct effects on adolescent PA were observed for family environment variables. Interventions that provide equipment, improve neighborhood safety, and educate parents on how to support PA may both indirectly and directly improve adolescent PA.

中文翻译：

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享受调节身体和家庭环境与青少年身体活动的关联：一种结构方程建模方法

目的

本研究的目的是检验身体活动 (PA) 享受对身体环境和家庭环境与青少年 PA 行为的关联的直接影响和中介作用。

方法

参与者是参加全国青少年体育活动和营养研究的美国高中生（N = 11,429；49.4% 为女性）。因变量是来自 3 个调查项目的潜在变量，表明青少年 PA 行为。一组自变量是物理环境项目，第二组自变量是家庭环境项目。在加权结构方程模型中构建了一个潜在的 PA 享受中介变量，以检查身体和家庭环境变量的标准化直接和间接影响 (IE)，其中青少年 PA 控制人口学协变量。

结果

对于物理环境变量（IE 范围 = 0.015-0.040）和成人交通（IE = 0.013，95% 置信区间 [CI]：0.006-0.020），观察到了对青少年 PA 的显着 PA 享受调节效应。最强的直接影响是成人 PA 鼓励（β = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.08-0.14）、交通（β = 0.14, 95% CI: 0.10-0.17）和观看（β = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.09–0.15) 与青少年 PA。

讨论

与家庭环境相比，物理环境变量对青少年 PA 的影响更强，但家庭环境变量对青少年 PA 的直接影响最强。提供设备、改善邻里安全和教育父母如何支持 PA 的干预措施可以间接和直接地改善青少年 PA。