With the increasing importance of power storage devices, demand for the development of supercapacitors possessing both rapid reversible chargeability and high energy density is accelerating. Here we propose a simple process for the room temperature fabrication of pseudocapacitor electrodes consisting of a faradaic redox reaction layer on a metallic electrode with an enhanced surface area. As a model metallic electrode, an Au foil was irradiated with Ar⁺ ions with a simultaneous supply of C and Ni at room temperature, resulting in fine metallic Ni nanoparticles dispersed in the carbon matrix with local graphitization on the ion-induced roughened Au surface. A carbon layer including fine Ni nanoparticles acted as an excellent faradaic redox reaction layer and the roughened surface contributed to an increase in surface area. The fabricated electrode, which included only 14 μg cm⁻² of Ni, showed a stored charge ability three times as large as that of the bulky Ni foil. Thus, it is believed that a carbon layer including Ni nanoparticles fabricated on the charge collective electrode with an ion-irradiation method is promising for the development of supercapacitors from the viewpoints of the reduced use of rare metal and excellent supercapacitor performance.

中文翻译：

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用于超级电容器电极的含镍纳米颗粒的碳纳米复合材料的一步和室温制备

随着电力存储设备的重要性日益提高，对同时具有快速可逆充电能力和高能量密度的超级电容器的开发需求正在加速。在这里，我们提出了一种在室温下制造赝电容器电极的简单工艺，该电极由金属电极上的法拉第氧化还原反应层组成，具有增强的表面积。作为模型金属电极，用 Ar ^{+照射 Au 箔}在室温下同时提供 C 和 Ni 的离子，导致细金属 Ni 纳米颗粒分散在碳基质中，在离子诱导的粗糙 Au 表面上局部石墨化。包含细Ni纳米颗粒的碳层充当了极好的法拉第氧化还原反应层，并且粗糙的表面有助于表面积的增加。所制造的电极仅包含 14 μg cm ^-2的 Ni，其存储电荷能力是笨重 Ni 箔的三倍。因此，从减少稀有金属的使用和优异的超级电容器性能的角度来看，认为通过离子辐照方法在电荷收集电极上制造的包含Ni纳米颗粒的碳层对于超级电容器的开发是有希望的。