During disinfection of drinking water, natural organic matter reacts with chlorine to produce harmful disinfection by-products. The identification of precursors of disinfection by-products in natural organic matter is challenging because natural organic matter is very complex and poorly known. Therefore, scientists have focused on the fractionation of natural organic matter with membranes or resins to better understand how and which organic matter fractions react during chlorination. Here, we compared the reactivity of various organic fractions with disinfection by-products. For that we did a meta-analysis of 400 water samples published in 80 publications, with focus on chlorination time and dose, SUVA₂₅₄ and the column capacity factor used during resin fractionation. SUVA₂₅₄ refers to the ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm divided by the organic matter concentration. We found that hydrophobic compounds have 10–20% higher reactivity to both trihalomethane and haloacetic acid formation compared to hydrophilic compounds in waters with SUVA₂₅₄ above 2L/(mg∙m), while hydrophobic and hydrophilic compounds have equal reactivity in waters with low SUVA₂₅₄. On the other hand, hydrophilic compounds are 20–80% more reactive towards emerging disinfection by-products, regardless of SUVA₂₅₄. Chlorination time and dose do not influence the reactivity ratio between the different fractions. An increase in column capacity factor can shift the reactivity ratio from hydrophobic to hydrophilic fractions. Dead-end, stirred cell ultrafiltration membrane fractionation might not always produce sharply separated fractions, which is mainly due to fouling. Therefore, no clear correlation could be found between membrane fractions and all investigated disinfection by-product groups.

在饮用水消毒过程中，天然有机物与氯发生反应，产生有害的消毒副产物。鉴定天然有机物中消毒副产物的前体具有挑战性，因为天然有机物非常复杂且鲜为人知。因此，科学家们专注于用膜或树脂对天然有机物进行分馏，以更好地了解氯化过程中有机物部分如何以及哪些部分发生反应。在这里，我们比较了各种有机组分与消毒副产物的反应性。为此，我们对 80 份出版物中发表的 400 个水样进行了荟萃分析，重点关注氯化时间和剂量、SUVA ₂₅₄和树脂分馏过程中使用的柱容量因子。苏瓦₂₅₄是指 254 nm 处的紫外吸光度除以有机物浓度。_{我们发现，与 SUVA 254}高于 2L/(mg∙m)的水中的亲水化合物相比，疏水化合物对三卤甲烷和卤乙酸形成的反应性高 10-20% ，而疏水和亲水化合物在 SUVA 低的水中具有相同的反应性₂₅₄ . 另一方面，无论 SUVA _{254如何，亲水化合物对新出现的消毒副产物的反应性高 20-80%}. 氯化时间和剂量不影响不同部分之间的反应比。柱容量因子的增加可以将反应性比从疏水性部分转变为亲水性部分。死端、搅拌池超滤膜分馏可能并不总是产生明显分离的馏分，这主要是由于结垢。因此，在膜组分和所有研究的消毒副产物组之间没有发现明确的相关性。