The use of organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) has been on the rise ever since many brominated flame retardants were banned, back in the 2000 s. The objectives of this study are to describe the pre- and post-natal exposure of children to OPFRs, and to explore their possible determinants. A total of 259 children aged 3.5 years and 388 mothers from the French ELFE mother–child cohort were included. Both pre- and post-natal exposure to OPFRs were assessed, using OPFR concentrations in the hair of pregnant women (in 2011) and their 3.5-year-old children (in 2014–2015) for 15 OPFRs, of which 9 were detected in > 20 % hair samples. The highest geometric means for pre-natal exposure were 272 ng/g for tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCPP), 69.7 ng/g for ng/g for triphenyl phosphate (TPP) and 54.4 ng/g for tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCPP). The highest geometric means for post-natal exposure were 249.6 ng/g for TCPP, 85.3 ng/g for TDCPP and 83.8 ng/g for 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate (EHDPP). Correlations were found between both pre-natal exposures, and between pre-and post-natal exposures. No correlation was however found between pre-and post-natal exposures for any given OPFR. Pre-natal exposure to the 9 OPFRs was associated with pre-natal exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers 209 (BDE₂₀₉), and 47 (BDE₄₇). Maternal BMI was associated with pre-natal exposure to OPFRs other than TBEP. Home renovation work prior to birth was also associated with pre-natal exposure to OPFRs, with the exception of EHDPP, tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBEP) and triethyl phosphate (TEP). Determinants of post-natal exposure appeared more disparate across OPFRs; although both the type of flooring in children’s rooms and pre-natal exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers seem to be associated with post-natal exposure. Lastly, higher socioeconomic status appeared to be associated with lower exposure for several (though not all) OPFRs.

The high prevalence of exposure to OPFRs suggests the need for studies to assess the health effects of OPFRs exposure, particularly on children.

自从 2000 年代许多溴化阻燃剂被禁止以来，有机磷酸酯阻燃剂 (OPFR) 的使用一直在增加。本研究的目的是描述儿童产前和产后接触 OPFR 的情况，并探讨其可能的决定因素。共有来自法国 ELFE 母子队列的 259 名 3.5 岁儿童和 388 名母亲被纳入研究。使用孕妇（2011 年）及其 3.5 岁儿童（2014-2015 年）头发中 OPFR 浓度评估了 15 种 OPFR，其中 9 种是在> 20% 头发样本。产前暴露的最高几何平均值为磷酸三(1-氯-2-丙基)酯 (TCPP) 272 ng/g、磷酸三苯酯 (TPP) 69.7 ng/g 和磷酸三苯酯 (TPP) 54.4 ng/g。磷酸三(1,3-二氯-2-丙基)酯(TDCPP)。产后暴露的最高几何平均值 TCPP 为 249.6 ng/g，TDCPP 为 85.3 ng/g，磷酸 2-乙基己基二苯酯 (EHDPP) 为 83.8 ng/g。产前暴露之间以及产前和产后暴露之间发现了相关性。然而，未发现任何给定 OPFR 的产前和产后暴露之间存在相关性。产前接触 9 种 OPFR 与产前接触多溴二苯醚 209 (BDE ₂₀₉ ) 和 47 (BDE ₄₇ ) 相关。母亲 BMI 与产前暴露于除 TBEP 之外的 OPFR 相关。出生前的家庭装修工作也与产前接触 OPFR 相关，但 EHDPP、磷酸三（2-丁氧基乙基）酯 (TBEP) 和磷酸三乙酯 (TEP) 除外。不同 OPFR 中产后暴露的决定因素似乎更加不同；尽管儿童房间的地板类型和产前接触多溴二苯醚似乎都与产后接触有关。最后，较高的社会经济地位似乎与一些（尽管不是全部）OPFR 的暴露较低相关。

OPFR 暴露的高患病率表明需要进行研究来评估 OPFR 暴露对健康的影响，特别是对儿童的影响。