When viewing scenes, observers differ in how long they linger at each fixation location and how far they move their eyes between fixations. What factors drive these differences in eye-movement behaviors? Previous work suggests individual differences in working memory capacity may influence fixation durations and saccade amplitudes. In the present study, participants (N = 98) performed two scene-viewing tasks, aesthetic judgment and memorization, while viewing 100 photographs of real-world scenes. Working memory capacity, working memory processing ability, and fluid intelligence were assessed with an operation span task, a memory updating task, and Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices, respectively. Across participants, we found significant effects of task on both fixation durations and saccade amplitudes. At the level of each individual participant, we also found a significant relationship between memory updating task performance and participants’ fixation duration distributions. However, we found no effect of fluid intelligence and no effect of working memory capacity on fixation duration or saccade amplitude distributions, inconsistent with previous findings. These results suggest that the ability to flexibly maintain and update working memory is strongly related to fixation duration behavior.

在观看场景时，观察者在每个注视位置停留的时间长短以及眼睛在注视之间移动的距离不同。是什么因素导致了这些眼动行为的差异？以前的研究表明，工作记忆容量的个体差异可能会影响注视持续时间和扫视幅度。在本研究中，参与者 ( N = 98) 在观看 100 张真实世界场景的照片时，执行了两项场景查看任务，即审美判断和记忆。工作记忆容量、工作记忆处理能力和流体智力分别通过操作跨度任务、记忆更新任务和 Raven 高级渐进矩阵进行评估。在参与者中，我们发现任务对注视持续时间和扫视幅度都有显着影响。在每个参与者的层面上，我们还发现记忆更新任务绩效与参与者的注视持续时间分布之间存在显着关系。然而，我们发现流体智力和工作记忆容量对注视持续时间或扫视幅度分布没有影响，这与之前的发现不一致。