Endometrial cancer (EC) is a gynecological pathology that affects the uterine inner lining. In recent years, genomic studies revealed continually evolving mutational landscapes of endometrial tumors that hold great potential for tailoring therapeutic strategies. This review aims to broaden our knowledge of EC biology by focusing on the role of androgen hormones. First, we discuss epidemiological evidence implicating androgens with EC pathogenesis and cover their biosynthesis and metabolism to bioactive 11-oxyandrogens. Next, we explore the endometrial tumor tissue and the altered microbiota as alternative sources of androgens and their 11-oxymetabolites in EC patients. Finally, we discuss the biological significance of androgens' genomic and nongenomic signaling as part of a medley of pathways ultimately deciding the fate of cells.

子宫内膜癌 (EC) 是一种影响子宫内膜的妇科疾病。近年来，基因组研究揭示了子宫内膜肿瘤不断演变的突变景观，这些突变景观在定制治疗策略方面具有巨大潜力。本综述旨在通过关注雄激素的作用来拓宽我们对 EC 生物学的了解。首先，我们讨论了表明雄激素与 EC 发病机制有关的流行病学证据，并涵盖了它们的生物合成和代谢为具有生物活性的 11-氧雄激素。接下来，我们将探索子宫内膜肿瘤组织和改变的微生物群作为 EC 患者雄激素及其 11-氧化代谢物的替代来源。最后，我们讨论了雄激素的基因组和非基因组信号作为最终决定细胞命运的多种途径的一部分的生物学意义。