Soil fauna plays a key role in regulating biogeochemical cycles, but how multiple global change factors (GCFs) may affect faunal communities remains poorly studied. We conducted a meta-analysis using 1154 observations to evaluate the individual and combined effects of elevated CO₂, nitrogen (N) addition, warming, increased rainfall and drought on soil fauna density and diversity. Here we show that, overall, individual and combined effects of GCFs had negligible effects on soil fauna density and diversity, except that density was negatively affected by drought (−27.4%) and positively affected by increased rainfall individually (+24.9%) and in combination with N addition (+67.3%) or warming (+70.4%). GCF effects varied among taxonomic groups both in magnitude and direction. Variables such as latitude, elevation and experimental setting significantly impacted both individual and combined effects. Our results suggest that soil fauna density is affected by changed rainfall regimes, while diversity is resistant against individual and combined effects of multiple GCFs.

中文翻译：

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土壤动物群落对多种全球变化因素的个体和综合影响的响应

土壤动物群在调节生物地球化学循环方面发挥着关键作用，但多种全球变化因素 (GCF) 如何影响动物群落的研究仍然很少。我们使用 1154 个观察结果进行了荟萃分析，以评估升高的 CO _{2的单独和综合影响}、氮（N）添加、变暖、降雨增加和干旱对土壤动物密度和多样性的影响。在这里，我们表明，总体而言，GCF 的单独和综合效应对土壤动物密度和多样性的影响可以忽略不计，除了密度受到干旱的负面影响（-27.4%）和单独降雨增加的正面影响（+24.9%）和与 N 添加 (+67.3%) 或升温 (+70.4%) 结合使用。GCF 效应在大小和方向上因分类群而异。纬度、海拔和实验环境等变量对个体效应和综合效应都有显着影响。我们的研究结果表明，土壤动物密度受降雨情况变化的影响，而多样性对多个 GCF 的单独和综合影响具有抵抗力。