Abstract

Thrombin (TB) is classified among human blood coagulation proteins with key functions in hemostasis of blood vessels, wound healing, atherosclerosis, tissue adhesion, etc. Moreover, TB is involved as the main enzyme in the conversion of the fibrinogen to fibrin. Given the importance of TB detection in the clinical area, the development of innovative methods can considerably improve TB detection. Newly, aptasensors or aptamer-based biosensors have received special attention for sensitive and facile TB detection. In addition, the aptamer/nanomaterial conjugates have presented new prospects in accurate TB detection as nanoaptasensors. DNA-based enzymes or DNAzymes, as new biocatalysts, have many advantages over protein enzymes and can be used in analytical tools. This article reviews a brief overview of significant progresses regarding the various types of DNAzymes-based aptasensors and nano aptasensors developed for thrombin detection. In the following, challenges and prospects of TB detection by DNAzymes-based aptasensors are discussed.

摘要

凝血酶 (TB) 属于人体凝血蛋白，在血管止血、伤口愈合、动脉粥样硬化、组织粘附等方面具有关键功能。此外，TB 是纤维蛋白原转化为纤维蛋白的主要酶。鉴于结核病检测在临床领域的重要性，创新方法的开发可以显着改善结核病检测。最近，适体传感器或基于适体的生物传感器已受到特别关注，用于敏感和简便的 TB 检测。此外，适体/纳米材料偶联物作为纳米适体传感器在准确检测结核病方面呈现出新的前景。基于DNA的酶或脱氧核糖核酸酶作为新型生物催化剂，与蛋白质酶相比具有许多优势，可用于分析工具。本文简要概述了各种类型的基于脱氧核糖核酸酶的适体传感器和为凝血酶检测而开发的纳米适体传感器的重大进展。在下文中，将讨论基于 DNAzymes 的适体传感器检测结核病的挑战和前景。