Mechanical and electro-mechanical de-icing systems are low-energy ice protection solutions based on fracture mechanisms. It can, however, be difficult to obtain the protection of an entire surface due to the limited propagation of fractures for some mechanisms. This article shows how it is possible to reshape the substrate in order to favor the propagation of adhesive fracture at the ice/substrate interface. The first part of the paper introduces an analytical beam theory approach for running computations quickly, making it possible to achieve parametric optimization of the substrate thickness and maximize the propagation length. The optimization results were validated using FEM software and tests on an aluminum prototype. A second method is also studied in this paper, topology optimization is used on a 2D finite element model to minimize the substrate mass of the proposed solution and adhesive crack propagation is assessed in comparison with the mass impact. For different boundary conditions, propagation ranges can be increased by up to 150% with a mass increase limited to 50%. Using topology optimization, the additional mass could be reduced by >60% while maintaining the same performances.

机械和机电除冰系统是基于断裂机制的低能防冰解决方案。然而，由于某些机制的裂缝传播有限，因此很难获得对整个表面的保护。本文展示了如何重塑基板以促进冰/基板界面处的粘合剂断裂的传播。本文的第一部分介绍了一种用于快速运行计算的分析光束理论方法，从而可以实现基板厚度的参数优化并最大化传播长度。使用 FEM 软件验证优化结果并在铝原型上进行测试。本文还研究了第二种方法，拓扑优化用于二维有限元模型，以最小化所提出解决方案的基板质量，并与质量影响相比评估粘合剂裂纹扩展。对于不同的边界条件，传播范围最多可增加 150%，而质量增加限制为 50%。使用拓扑优化，额外的质量可以减少 >60%，同时保持相同的性能。