Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is frequently comorbid with anxiety disorders with rates as high as 25% to 50% in children and adolescents. Despite various treatment options for ADHD symptoms, limited research addresses treatment in the context of comorbidity. This article seeks to provide a review of the evidence regarding treatment of this comorbid population. Distinct emotional, cognitive, and behavioral symptoms have been observed in this population, suggesting a need for tailored treatment. Despite common concerns about anxiety exacerbation, stimulant medications demonstrate good tolerability and good response in addressing symptoms. Atomoxetine has also demonstrated some benefit and good tolerability for treating this comorbid population. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors can be used as adjunctive treatment for anxiety but require careful monitoring of side effects. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an important treatment to improve anxiety symptoms in the absence of significant ADHD symptoms. Psychosocial interventions are also essential to improve outcomes.

注意缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD) 经常与焦虑症并存，在儿童和青少年中的发生率高达 25% 至 50%。尽管针对 ADHD 症状有多种治疗选择，但有限的研究涉及合并症背景下的治疗。本文旨在回顾有关治疗该共病人群的证据。在该人群中观察到明显的情绪、认知和行为症状，表明需要量身定制的治疗。尽管人们普遍担心焦虑加剧，但兴奋剂药物在解决症状方面表现出良好的耐受性和良好的反应。托莫西汀也显示出治疗这种合并症人群的一些益处和良好的耐受性。选择性 5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂可用作焦虑症的辅助治疗，但需要仔细监测副作用。认知行为疗法 (CBT) 是在没有明显 ADHD 症状的情况下改善焦虑症状的重要治疗方法。社会心理干预对于改善结果也必不可少。