This paper explores buildability quantification of randomly meshed 3D printed concrete objects by considering structural failure by elastic buckling. The newly proposed model considers the most relevant printing parameters, including time-dependent material behaviors, printing velocity, localized damage and influence of sequential printing process. The computational uniaxial compression tests were first conducted to calibrate age-dependent elastic modulus and yield stress. Subsequently, analyses of the 3D printing process of a free wall structure and a square layout were performed. The model can reproduce the asymmetry of buckling failure accurately and the predicted critical printing height is in excellent agreement with experimental data from the literature. It can be concluded the combined effect of material variability and non-uniform gravitational loading due to sequential printing process resulted in structural failure during 3D concrete printing. Using this model, printing parameters can be optimized and a suitable printing scheme can be devised to improve structure buildability.

本文通过考虑弹性屈曲的结构破坏，探讨了随机网格化 3D 打印混凝土物体的可建造性量化。新提出的模型考虑了最相关的打印参数，包括时间相关的材料行为、打印速度、局部损伤和顺序打印过程的影响。首先进行计算单轴压缩试验以校准与年龄相关的弹性模量和屈服应力。随后，对自由墙结构和方形布局的 3D 打印过程进行了分析。该模型可以准确地再现屈曲失效的不对称性，预测的临界印刷高度与文献中的实验数据非常吻合。可以得出结论，由于连续打印过程导致的材料可变性和不均匀重力载荷的综合影响导致了 3D 混凝土打印过程中的结构失效。使用该模型，可以优化打印参数并设计合适的打印方案以提高结构可构建性。