Post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is common following heart transplant, impacting greater than 20% of patients with most cases occurring in the first year after transplant. PTDM is associated with multiple negative sequelae including increased post-operative infections, a higher rate of renal failure, and increased mortality. Compared with pre-transplant diabetes mellitus, PTDM has several unique risk factors and immunosuppressive medications play an important role in disease pathophysiology. Newer treatments for hyperglycemia, including glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonists and sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, may counter the mechanisms of immunosuppression-related hyperglycemia making them an appealing treatment option for patients with PTDM. Here, we review the definitions, incidence, risk factors, pathophysiology, clinical outcomes, treatment options, pharmacologic considerations, and future directions in PTDM.

移植后糖尿病 (PTDM) 在心脏移植后很常见，影响超过 20% 的患者，大多数病例发生在移植后的第一年。PTDM 与多种负面后遗症相关，包括术后感染增加、肾功能衰竭率增加和死亡率增加。与移植前糖尿病相比，PTDM有几个独特的危险因素，免疫抑制药物在疾病病理生理学中起重要作用. 新的高血糖治疗方法，包括胰高血糖素样肽 1 受体激动剂和钠葡萄糖协同转运蛋白 2 抑制剂，可能会对抗免疫抑制相关高血糖的机制，使其成为 PTDM 患者的有吸引力的治疗选择。在这里，我们回顾了 PTDM 的定义、发病率、危险因素、病理生理学、临床结果、治疗方案、药理学考虑和未来方向。