Surface sediments were collected to investigate the pollution levels and ecological risks of heavy metals (e.g., As, Ni, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr, Cd, and Mn) in the surface sediments covered by emerged and submerged plants in the main areas of Baiyangdian Lake. The results showed that Pb and Cd highly exceeded the background values of Hebei Province and had high pollution levels, while other heavy metals exhibited no pollution. With the exception of Mn, there was no significant difference in the concentrations of heavy metals in surface sediments between the emerged-plant and submerged-plant zones. The concentrations of heavy metals in Zaolinzhuang were relatively low, while those in Wangjiazhai, Nanliuzhuang and Shaochedian were relatively high. In the two plant zones, Cd in surface sediments posed a considerable risk at all sampling sites regardless of plant zones, followed by Pb with light pollution. Correlation analysis and factor analysis results showed that all these heavy metals generally originated from three different sources in both plant zones, of which As, Cu and Zn had two sources in the emerged plant zones. Our findings indicate that the Cd and Pb pollution of Baiyangdian Lake should be given more attention to contribute to the environmental control and ecosystem conservation of the lake.

采集表层沉积物，调查主要地区出水和沉水植物覆盖的表层沉积物中重金属（如As、Ni、Pb、Cu、Zn、Cr、Cd和Mn）的污染水平和生态风险。白洋淀。结果表明，Pb和Cd均远超河北省本底值，污染程度较高，其他重金属无污染。除 Mn 外，出水植物区和沉水植物区表层沉积物中重金属的浓度没有显着差异。枣林庄重金属浓度较低，王家寨、南六庄、少车店重金属浓度较高。在两个植物区，无论植物区如何，表层沉积物中的 Cd 对所有采样点都构成相当大的风险，其次是 Pb，具有光污染。相关分析和因子分析结果表明，这些重金属在两个植物区中普遍来源于三个不同的来源，其中As、Cu和Zn在出苗区有两个来源。我们的研究结果表明，应更加重视白洋淀的 Cd 和 Pb 污染，为湖泊的环境控制和生态系统保护做出贡献。