In this article, we formally present the Integrated Self-Categorization model of Autism (ISCA). This model brings together the cognitive–perceptual and social–communication features of autism under a single explanatory framework. Specifically, ISCA proposes that the social–communication features that are related to theory of mind dysfunction emerge from the cognitive–perceptual features related to enhanced perceptual functioning and weak central coherence, and proposes that they are linked by dysfunction in the self-categorization process. We present the assumptions on which the model is based, and from these, we derive a set of precise, testable hypotheses, including a set of novel hypotheses that do not emerge from any existing models of autism. We then provide evidence that supports the model, derived from a number of direct tests of the hypotheses that it generates. We conclude by discussing the implications of the model for understanding autism and for intervention to improve the lives of autistic people, as well as future directions.

中文翻译：

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自闭症的综合自我分类模型。

在这篇文章中，我们正式提出自闭症的综合自我分类模型（ISCA）。该模型将自闭症的认知-感知和社交-交流特征结合在一个单一的解释框架下。具体而言，ISCA 提出与心智功能障碍理论相关的社会交流特征来自与感知功能增强和中央连贯性弱相关的认知感知特征，并提出它们与自我分类过程中的功能障碍相关联。我们提出模型所基于的假设，并从中得出一组精确的、可检验的假设，包括一组不会从任何现有自闭症模型中出现的新假设。然后，我们提供支持模型的证据，这些证据来自对其生成的假设的大量直接测试。