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A meta-analytic review on the social–emotional intelligence correlates of the six bullying roles: Bullies, followers, victims, bully-victims, defenders, and outsiders.
Psychological Bulletin ( IF 22.4 ) Pub Date : 2022-07-18 , DOI: 10.1037/bul0000364
Kana Imuta , Sumin Song , Julie D. Henry , Ted Ruffman , Candida Peterson , Virginia Slaughter

Bullying is one of the most common peer-relational problems experienced by children and adolescents worldwide. One reason bullying is so widespread is that it is a dynamic, group process that involves multiple roles—namely, bullies, followers, victims, bully-victims, defenders, and outsiders. Given the profoundly negative impact of exposure to bullying on well-being across development, researchers have sought to identify the social–emotional intelligence profiles of the different bullying roles to develop effective interventions. The present meta-analysis integrated findings from 128 studies involving 187,454 children and adolescents between 3 and 18 years of age to investigate how four interrelated but distinct facets of social–emotional intelligence—affective empathy, cognitive empathy, affective theory of mind (ToM), and cognitive ToM—relate to different bullying roles. Significant associations were found for bullies, followers, and defenders, but not for being the victim, bully-victim, or outsider. For bullies and followers, we found negative relations with both affective and cognitive empathy (rs = −.11 to −.22), but no relation with either type of ToM. For defending, we found positive relations with all four facets of social–emotional intelligence (rs = .18–.32). These findings suggest that a successful antibullying program may entail a combination of motivating children and adolescents with bullying tendencies to care about others’ feelings, and empowering their classmates to become strong perspective-takers who can stand up for those in need of help.

中文翻译:

对六种欺凌角色的社会情绪智力相关的元分析回顾:欺凌者、追随者、受害者、欺凌者受害者、捍卫者和局外人。

欺凌是全世界儿童和青少年最常见的同伴关系问题之一。欺凌如此普遍的一个原因是它是一个动态的群体过程,涉及多个角色——即欺凌者、追随者、受害者、欺凌受害者、捍卫者和局外人。鉴于暴露于欺凌对整个发展过程中的幸福感产生深远的负面影响,研究人员试图确定不同欺凌角色的社会情绪智力概况,以制定有效的干预措施。目前的荟萃分析综合了 128 项研究的结果,涉及 187,454 名 3 至 18 岁的儿童和青少年,以调查社会情绪智力的四个相互关联但不同的方面——情感同理心、认知同理心、情感心理理论 (ToM)、和认知 ToM——与不同的欺凌角色有关。发现与欺凌者、追随者和捍卫者有重要关联,但与受害者、欺凌者受害者或局外人无关。对于欺凌者和追随者,我们发现与情感和认知移情有负相关(rs = -.11 到 -.22),但与任何一种 ToM 都没有关系。对于防守,我们发现与社会情商的所有四个方面都有正相关关系(rs = .18-.32)。这些研究结果表明,一个成功的反欺凌计划可能需要激励有欺凌倾向的儿童和青少年关心他人的感受,并授权他们的同学成为强有力的观点接受者,他们可以为需要帮助的人挺身而出。但不是因为成为受害者、欺凌受害者或局外人。对于欺凌者和追随者,我们发现与情感和认知移情有负相关(rs = -.11 到 -.22),但与任何一种 ToM 都没有关系。对于防守,我们发现与社会情商的所有四个方面都有正相关关系(rs = .18-.32)。这些研究结果表明,一个成功的反欺凌计划可能需要激励有欺凌倾向的儿童和青少年关心他人的感受,并授权他们的同学成为强有力的观点接受者,他们可以为需要帮助的人挺身而出。但不是因为成为受害者、欺凌受害者或局外人。对于欺凌者和追随者,我们发现与情感和认知移情有负相关(rs = -.11 到 -.22),但与任何一种 ToM 都没有关系。对于防守,我们发现与社会情商的所有四个方面都有正相关关系(rs = .18-.32)。这些研究结果表明,一个成功的反欺凌计划可能需要激励有欺凌倾向的儿童和青少年关心他人的感受,并授权他们的同学成为强有力的观点接受者,他们可以为需要帮助的人挺身而出。我们发现与社会情绪智力的所有四个方面都有积极关系(rs = .18-.32)。这些研究结果表明,一个成功的反欺凌计划可能需要激励有欺凌倾向的儿童和青少年关心他人的感受,并授权他们的同学成为强有力的观点接受者,他们可以为需要帮助的人挺身而出。我们发现与社会情绪智力的所有四个方面都有积极关系(rs = .18-.32)。这些研究结果表明,一个成功的反欺凌计划可能需要激励有欺凌倾向的儿童和青少年关心他人的感受,并授权他们的同学成为强有力的观点接受者,他们可以为需要帮助的人挺身而出。
更新日期:2022-07-19
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