Binaural beats (BB) entrainment is an auditory perceptual occurrence that exists when two tones of separate frequencies are simultaneously presented to each ear. Research on BB entrainment has gained attention due to its ability to treat various conditions like anxiety, attention-deficit/hyperactivity (ADHD), etc. Even though research on BB entrainment suggests its efficiency in improving cognition among individuals, existing literature indicates mixed results in the cognitive domains of attention and memory. Thus, we conducted meta-analysis to examine the effect of BB intervention on memory and attention, respectively, in the current paper. We further performed a systematic review on the selected studies to report their variables, demographic characteristics of the participants, and outcomes to comprehensively position the research on BB intervention exclusively in the areas of memory and attention. Fifteen studies met our inclusion criteria. Based on 31 effect sizes, the results indicated an overall medium and significant effect size (g = 0.40). Findings from systematic review reveal conflicting results, especially concerning theta and beta’s efficacy on memory (recall and recognition tasks) and attention-related tasks. The findings of the current paper add to the growing evidence that BB intervention improves attention and memory in humans. Since the findings suggest a near-moderate effect of BB interventions and mixed results in the systematic review, more research with robust study designs must explore its guiding principle and the expanding role of brainwaves in improving memory and attention in individuals. Such an intervention has important implications in both clinical and non-clinical settings.

双耳节拍 (BB) 夹带是一种听觉感知事件，当两个不同频率的音调同时呈现给每只耳朵时存在。BB 夹带的研究因其治疗焦虑、注意力缺陷/多动症 (ADHD) 等各种疾病的能力而受到关注。尽管对 BB 夹带的研究表明其在提高个体认知方面的效率，但现有文献表明混合结果在注意和记忆的认知领域。因此，我们在本文中进行了荟萃分析，以分别检查 BB 干预对记忆和注意力的影响。我们进一步对选定的研究进行了系统回顾，以报告它们的变量、参与者的人口统计特征、和结果，以全面定位 BB 干预的研究完全在记忆和注意力领域。十五项研究符合我们的纳入标准。基于 31 个效应量，结果表明整体中等和显着的效应量（g =  0.40)。系统审查的结果揭示了相互矛盾的结果，尤其是关于 theta 和 beta 对记忆（回忆和识别任务）和注意力相关任务的功效。当前论文的发现增加了越来越多的证据表明 BB 干预可以改善人类的注意力和记忆力。由于研究结果表明 BB 干预的效果接近中等，并且系统评价中的结果好坏参半，因此必须进行更多具有稳健研究设计的研究来探索其指导原则以及脑电波在改善个人记忆力和注意力方面的扩展作用。这种干预在临床和非临床环境中都具有重要意义。