Rock engineering systems result in a practical design for engineering projects. This study considers different aspects of rock engineering classification compared to the literature. The main focus of this study is on reliability in the judgments by experts using the concept of Z-number theory to determine the effects of rock texture-based characteristics in dimension stone quarries. A classification system was developed by integrating fuzzy set theory and Z-number methods to classify dimension stones based on the texture feature. In this system, five classes, “very good,” “good,” “medium,” “weak,” and “very weak,” were set up for the assessment. The system was applied to three types of crystal dimension stones from different quarries located in Iran. The results of determining the importance weights for the texture-based characteristics revealed that compressibility, roundness, and homogeneity with the values of 0.1995, 0.1754, and 0.1704 are known as top three significant factors, respectively. The results of the classification system were validated by in situ investigations. In addition, the differences between the average and minimum energy consumptions of a cutting machine during the cutting process of the samples approved the results of the developed system.

Graphical abstract

中文翻译：

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基于岩石纹理特征的岩石工程指标模糊分类

岩石工程系统为工程项目带来实用的设计。与文献相比，本研究考虑了岩石工程分类的不同方面。本研究的主要重点是专家使用 Z 数理论的概念来确定基于岩石纹理的特征对尺寸石采石场的影响的判断中的可靠性。结合模糊集理论和Z数方法，开发了一种基于纹理特征对尺寸石进行分类的分类系统。在这个系统中，设置了“非常好”、“好”、“中”、“弱”和“非常弱”五个等级来进行评估。该系统应用于来自伊朗不同采石场的三种晶体尺寸石。确定基于纹理的特征的重要性权重的结果表明，0.1995、0.1754 和 0.1704 的值的可压缩性、圆度和均匀性分别被称为前三个重要因素。分类系统的结果通过现场调查得到验证。此外，切割机在样品切割过程中的平均能耗和最低能耗之间的差异证实了所开发系统的结果。

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