Chiral nanomaterials with intrinsic chirality or spatial asymmetry at the nanoscale are currently in the limelight of both fundamental research and diverse important technological applications due to their unprecedented physicochemical characteristics such as intense light-matter interactions, enhanced circular dichroism, and strong circularly polarized luminescence. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art advances in liquid crystal-templated chiral nanomaterials. The chiroptical properties of chiral nanomaterials are touched, and their fundamental design principles and bottom-up synthesis strategies are discussed. Different chiral functional nanomaterials based on liquid-crystalline soft templates, including chiral plasmonic nanomaterials and chiral luminescent nanomaterials, are systematically introduced, and their underlying mechanisms, properties, and potential applications are emphasized. This review concludes with a perspective on the emerging applications, challenges, and future opportunities of such fascinating chiral nanomaterials. This review can not only deepen our understanding of the fundamentals of soft-matter chirality, but also shine light on the development of advanced chiral functional nanomaterials toward their versatile applications in optics, biology, catalysis, electronics, and beyond.

在纳米尺度上具有内在手性或空间不对称性的手性纳米材料由于其前所未有的物理化学特性，如强烈的光-物质相互作用、增强的圆二色性和强圆偏振发光，目前正成为基础研究和各种重要技术应用的焦点。在此，我们全面概述了液晶模板手性纳米材料的最新进展。触及手性纳米材料的手性光学性质，并讨论了它们的基本设计原则和自下而上的合成策略。系统介绍了基于液晶软模板的不同手性功能纳米材料，包括手性等离子体纳米材料和手性发光纳米材料，并强调了它们的基本机制、特性和潜在应用。这篇综述总结了这种迷人的手性纳米材料的新兴应用、挑战和未来机遇。这篇综述不仅可以加深我们对软物质手性基本原理的理解，还可以阐明高级手性功能纳米材料在光学、生物学、催化、电子学等领域的多功能应用的发展。