Major faults and dykes are common geological discontinuities in underground mines and can often contribute to significant failures such as coal bursts during mining. The failure mechanisms of faults have been widely studied, whereas the seismic characteristics associated with dykes have been rarely investigated for mine dynamic hazard risk management. This research aimed to characterize the seismic behavior near an intrusive dyke that intersected with the roadways in an underground longwall coal mine in Australia. The temporal-spatial variations of seismic multi-parameters around the stiff dyke were analyzed, including clustered seismicity, event locations, Es/Ep ratio, b-value and correlation with the released seismic energy. Four stages were defined based on the evolutions of seismic characteristics. The rock fractures initiated near the dyke when the longwall face was 400 m from the dyke. The seismicity started to increase when the longwall was <100 m from the dyke and decreased drastically after the longwall mined 50 m past the dyke. The seismic events were concentrated at the inbye side of the dyke and propagated to the outbye side of the dyke as the longwall mined through the dyke. The spatial distribution of Es/Ep ratios and temporal variations of the b-value indicated that higher magnitude seismic events dominated by shear failures occurred in the hanging wall of the dyke, suggesting more sudden seismic energy release and escalating seismic risks around the roadways at the inbye side of the dyke. Meanwhile, when the longwall was mining through the dyke, even though the seismicity was intensive, seismic energy was more frequently and gently released so that stress was not significantly accumulated to induce any major failures at the outbye side of the dyke. The results demonstrated that the geological features of the dyke and the longwall mining progress had a controlling effect on the seismic characteristics in the time-space domain. The comprehensive analysis of seismic multi-parameters reliably revealed the rock mass response near a major dyke and can provide guidance for assessing and managing the risks of dynamic mining hazards around dykes.

主要断层和堤坝是地下矿山中常见的地质不连续性，通常会导致重大故障，例如采矿期间的煤爆。断层的破坏机制已被广泛研究，而与堤坝相关的地震特征很少被研究用于矿山动态危险风险管理。这项研究旨在描述与澳大利亚地下长壁煤矿巷道相交的侵入性堤坝附近的地震行为。分析了硬堤周围地震多参数的时空变化，包括聚集地震活动、事件位置、Es/Ep比值、b-值及其与释放的地震能量的相关性。根据地震特征的演变定义了四个阶段。当长壁工作面距堤坝 400 m 时，岩石裂缝在堤坝附近开始。当长壁距离堤坝 < 100 m 时，地震活动开始增加，而在长壁开采超过堤坝 50 m 后，地震活动急剧下降。地震事件集中在堤坝的近侧，并随着长壁开采穿过堤坝而传播到堤坝的外侧。Es / Ep比率的空间分布和b的时间变化-值表明，以剪切破坏为主的高震级地震事件发生在堤坝上盘，表明地震能量释放更为突然，堤坝入口侧道路周围的地震风险不断升级。同时，长壁在穿堤开采时，尽管地震活动强度大，但地震能量释放更为频繁且平缓，因此应力没有明显积累，不会在堤外造成重大破坏。结果表明，大坝地质特征和长壁开采进度对时空域地震特征具有控制作用。