The long-term fate of a memory is not exclusively determined by the events occurring at the moment of encoding. Research at the cellular, circuit, and behavioral levels is beginning to reveal how neurochemical activations in the moments surrounding an event can retroactively and proactively rescue weak memory for seemingly mundane experiences. We review emerging evidence showing enhancement of weakly formed memories encoded minutes to hours before or after a related motivationally relevant experience. We discuss proposed neurobiological mechanisms for strengthening weak memories formed in temporal proximity to a strong event, and how this knowledge could be leveraged to improve memory for information that is prone to forgetting.

记忆的长期命运并不完全由编码时发生的事件决定。细胞、回路和行为层面的研究开始揭示事件周围时刻的神经化学物质激活如何能够追溯和主动地挽救看似平凡的经历的薄弱记忆。我们回顾了新出现的证据，显示在相关动机相关经历之前或之后几分钟到几小时编码的弱形成记忆得到增强。我们讨论了拟议的神经生物学机制，用于加强在时间接近强事件时形成的弱记忆，以及如何利用这些知识来改善对容易遗忘的信息的记忆。