Entrepreneurial activity measures a country's economic vitality. Studies have examined the psychological cognitive conditions that influence women's entrepreneurial activity by considering the effects of individual psychological cognitive conditions in isolation while ignoring their interdependence. Based on the necessary condition analysis and the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis, this study utilized data from the 2021 Global Entrepreneurship Monitor report for 42 countries and explored the complex causal mechanisms driving women's entrepreneurial activity. We observed that (1) a single psychological cognitive factor does not constitute a necessary condition for high female entrepreneurial activity (FEA), despite high entrepreneurial expectation and capability perception (CP); (2) the driving mechanisms for high and low FEA can be categorized into three and four pathways, respectively. There is an asymmetric relationship between the driving paths of high and low FEA. Finally, we propose three measures to support female entrepreneurship: optimizing female psychological cognition, improving female CP, and establishing excellent female entrepreneurial role models.

创业活动衡量一个国家的经济活力。研究通过孤立地考虑个体心理认知条件的影响而忽略了它们的相互依存性，研究了影响女性创业活动的心理认知条件。本研究基于必要条件分析和模糊集定性比较分析，利用 2021 年全球创业监测报告中 42 个国家的数据，探索驱动女性创业活动的复杂因果机制。我们观察到：（1）尽管有很高的创业期望和能力感知（CP），但单一的心理认知因素并不构成高女性创业活动（FEA）的必要条件；(2) 高、低 FEA 的驱动机制可分别分为三类和四类。高和低 FEA 的驱动路径之间存在不对称关系。最后，我们提出了支持女性创业的三项措施：优化女性心理认知、提升女性CP、树立优秀女性创业榜样。