Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Cupping therapy has been used to treat musculoskeletal impairments for about 4000 years. Recently, world athletes have provoked an interest in it, however, the evidence to support its use in managing musculoskeletal and sports conditions remains unknown.

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate the evidence level of the effect of cupping therapy in managing common musculoskeletal and sports conditions.

METHODS:

2214 studies were identified through a computerized search, of which 22 met the inclusion criteria. The search involved randomized and case series studies published between 1990 and 2019. The search involved five databases (Scopus, MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, Academic Search Complete PLUS (EBSCO), and CrossRef) and contained studies written in the English language. Three analyses were included: the quality assessment using the PEDro scale, physical characteristic analysis, and evidence-based analysis.

RESULTS:

The results showed that most studies used dry cupping, except five which used wet cupping. Most studies compared cupping therapy to non-intervention, the remaining studies compared cupping to standard medical care, heat, routine physiotherapy, electrical stimulation, active range of motion and stretching, passive stretching, or acetaminophen. Treatment duration ranged from 1 day to 12 weeks. The evidence of cupping on increasing soft tissue flexibility is moderate, decreasing low back pain or cervical pain is low to moderate, and treating other musculoskeletal conditions is very low to low. The incidence of adverse events is very low.

CONCLUSION:

This study provides the first attempt to analyze the evidence level of cupping therapy in musculoskeletal and sports rehabilitation. However, cupping therapy has low to moderate evidence in musculoskeletal and sports rehabilitation and might be used as a useful intervention because it decreases the pain level and improves blood flow to the affected area with low adverse effects.

中文翻译：

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肌肉骨骼和运动康复中拔罐疗法的循证和不良反应分析：一项系统的循证综述

摘要

背景：

拔罐疗法用于治疗肌肉骨骼损伤已有大约 4000 年的历史。最近，世界运动员对它产生了兴趣，然而，支持其用于管理肌肉骨骼和运动状况的证据仍然未知。

客观的：

评估拔罐疗法在管理常见肌肉骨骼和运动状况方面的效果的证据水平。

方法：

通过计算机搜索确定了 2214 项研究，其中 22 项符合纳入标准。该搜索涉及 1990 年至 2019 年间发表的随机和案例系列研究。搜索涉及五个数据库（Scopus、MEDLINE (PubMed)、Web of Science、Academic Search Complete PLUS (EBSCO) 和 CrossRef），并包含以英语撰写的研究. 包括三项分析：使用 PEDro 量表的质量评估、物理特征分析和基于证据的分析。

结果：

结果表明，大多数研究使用干拔罐，只有五项研究使用湿拔罐。大多数研究将拔罐疗法与非干预疗法进行了比较，其余研究将拔罐疗法与标准医疗、热疗、常规物理疗法、电刺激、主动活动范围和伸展运动、被动伸展运动或对乙酰氨基酚进行了比较。治疗持续时间从 1 天到 12 周不等。拔罐增加软组织柔韧性的证据为中等，减少腰痛或颈痛的证据为低至中度，治疗其他肌肉骨骼疾病的证据为极低至低。不良事件的发生率非常低。

结论：

本研究首次尝试分析拔罐疗法在肌肉骨骼和运动康复中的证据水平。然而，拔罐疗法在肌肉骨骼和运动康复方面的证据低至中等，可能会用作一种有用的干预措施，因为它可以降低疼痛程度并改善流向受影响区域的血液，而且副作用很小。